Specific language impairment in language minority children from low-income families
Specific language impairment in language minority children from low-income families
复制标题
低收入家庭语言少数民族儿童的特定语言障碍
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Puglisi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pascale Engel de Abreu;Anabela Cruz;M. Puglisi
背景资料：最近的证据表明，特定的语言障碍（SLI）可能是次要的一般认知处理限制在执行功能领域。以前的研究几乎只集中在单语儿童与SLI和双语儿童SLI的执行功能提供很少的循证指导。研究双语与SLI是很重要的，特别是在越来越多的证据表明，双语可以带来优势，在某些领域的执行功能。目的：确定执行功能是否是双语少数民族儿童SLI的一个困难领域，如果是，哪些具体的执行过程受到影响。方法和程序：这项跨文化研究的对象是来自卢森堡的双语儿童和来自葡萄牙的母语为葡萄牙语的单语儿童，分析了来自以下三组的81名8岁奥尔兹：（1）15名来自卢森堡的患有SLI诊断的葡萄牙语-卢森堡语双语儿童;（2）33名来自卢森堡的典型发展中的葡萄牙语-卢森堡语双语儿童;和（3）33个典型的发展葡萄牙语单语从葡萄牙。各组在第一语言、种族、实际年龄和社会经济地位上相匹配，他们在非语言智力上没有差异。孩子们完成了一系列测试，包括：表达性和接受性词汇，句法理解，言语和视觉空间工作记忆，选择性注意和干扰抑制。结果和成果：双语SLI组的表现同样好，与他们的典型发展的同龄人相比，视觉空间工作记忆的措施，但有较低的分数比两个控制组的任务的口头工作记忆。在选择性注意和干扰抑制的测量中，双语儿童的表现优于单语儿童。对于选择性注意，双语SLI组的表现与对照组没有显着差异。对于干扰抑制，双语SLI组的表现显着不如典型的发展双语，但不是单语。结论与意义：本研究进一步支持了SLI不是语言特异性障碍的观点。这项研究表明，虽然双语儿童SLI没有表现出相同的优势，在选择性注意和干扰抑制典型的发展双语者，他们不落后于典型的发展单语者在这些领域的执行功能。这一发现提出了一种可能性，即双语可能是一种保护因素，可以防止与单语者SLI相关的一些认知限制。
Background: Recent evidence suggests that specific language impairment (SLI) might be secondary to general cognitive processing limitations in the domain of executive functioning. Previous research has focused almost exclusively on monolingual children with SLI and offers little evidence-based guidance on executive functioning in bilingual children with SLI. Studying bilinguals with SLI is important, especially in the light of increasing evidence that bilingualism can bring advantages in certain domains of executive functioning. Aims: To determine whether executive functioning represents an area of difficulty for bilingual language-minority children with SLI and, if so, which specific executive processes are affected. Methods & Procedures: This cross-cultural research was conducted with bilingual children from Luxembourg and monolingualchildrenfromPortugalwhoallhadPortugueseastheirfirstlanguage.Thedatafrom81eight-year-olds from the following three groups were analysed: (1) 15 Portuguese‐Luxembourgish bilinguals from Luxembourg with an SLI diagnosis; (2) 33 typically developing Portuguese‐Luxembourgish bilinguals from Luxembourg; and (3) 33 typically developing Portuguese-speaking monolinguals from Portugal. Groups were matched on first language, ethnicity, chronological age and socioeconomic status, and they did not differ in nonverbal intelligence. Children completed a battery of tests tapping: expressive and receptive vocabulary, syntacticcomprehension, verbal and visuospatial working memory, selective attention and interference suppression. Outcomes & Results: The bilingual SLI group performed equally well compared with their typically developing peers on measures of visuospatial working memory, but had lower scores than both control groups on tasks of verbal working memory. On measures of selective attention and interference suppression, typically developing children who were bilingual outperformed their monolingual counterparts. For selective attention, performance of the bilingual SLI group did not differ significantly from the controls. For interference suppression the bilingual SLI group performed significantly less well than typically developing bilinguals but not monolinguals. Conclusions&Implications:ThisresearchprovidesfurthersupporttothepositionthatSLIisnotalanguage-specific disorder. The study indicates that although bilingual children with SLI do not demonstrate the same advantages in selective attention and interference suppression as typically developing bilinguals, they do not lag behind typically developing monolinguals in these domains of executive functioning. This finding raises the possibility that bilingualism might represent a protective factor against some of the cognitive limitations that are associated with SLI in monolinguals.
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Tomblin, JB;Records, NL;O'Brien, M
通讯作者：
O'Brien, M