A review of three decades of research on the invasive kelp Undaria pinnatifida in Australasia: An assessment of its success, impacts and status as one of the world's worst invaders.
A review of three decades of research on the invasive kelp Undaria pinnatifida in Australasia: An assessment of its success, impacts and status as one of the world's worst invaders.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.09.015
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发表时间：
2017-10
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Paul M. South;O. Floerl;Barrie M. Forrest;M. Thomsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Paul M. South;O. Floerl;Barrie M. Forrest;M. Thomsen
海洋入侵性大型藻类可对生态群落产生严重的局部影响。裙带菜是世界上最成功的海洋入侵物种之一，也被广泛认为是最糟糕的物种之一。在这里，我们回顾了对澳大利亚的研究，那里的海带遍布新西兰和澳大利亚东南部。Undaria在这些地区至少存在了三十年，使澳大拉西亚成为全球入侵时间最长的生物区之一，也是研究Undaria入侵成功及其相关影响的宝贵案例。在澳大拉西亚，Undaria主要侵入开放空间，草皮社区和岩石海岸相对狭窄的海拔带内的原生树冠间隙。尽管生物量很高，但Undaria对本地物种的直接影响相对较少，可以增加整个社区的属性，如初级生产力和提供生物栖息地。因此，澳大利亚裙带菜研究提供了一个例子，说明入侵物种的成功和影响之间的脱钩。裙带菜很可能继续沿着沿着澳大利亚温带数千公里的岩石海岸线传播，因为它能够承受巨大的温度变化，能够利用对当地社区的干扰，并通过船只运动和水产养殖活动在区域之间持续转移。然而，裙带菜的传播很难控制，因为根除裙带菜具有挑战性，而且很少成功。因此，了解潜在的入侵途径，保持本地树冠形成物种，限制Undariassuccess，有效地管理人为媒介Undariaspread，应该是关键的管理优先事项。
Marine invasive macroalgae can have severe local-scale impacts on ecological communities. The kelp Undaria pinnatifida is one of the most successful marine invasive species worldwide, and is widely regarded as one of the worst. Here, we review research onUndariain Australasia, where the kelp is established throughout much of New Zealand and south-eastern Australia. The presence ofUndariafor at least three decades in these locations makes Australasia one of the longest-invaded bioregions globally, and a valuable case study for consideringUndaria's invasion success and associated impacts. In Australasia,Undariahas primarily invaded open spaces, turf communities, and gaps in native canopies within a relatively narrow elevation band on rocky shores. Despite its high biomass,Undariahas relatively few direct impacts on native species, and can increase community-wide attributes such as primary productivity and the provision of biogenic habitat. Therefore, AustralasianUndariaresearch provides an example of a decoupling between the success and impact of an invasive species.Undariawill most likely continue to spread along thousands of kilometres of rocky coastline in temperate Australasia, due to its tolerance to large variations in temperature, ability to exploit disturbances to local communities, and the continued transfer among regions via vessel movements and aquaculture activities. However, the spread ofUndariaremains difficult to manage as eradication is challenging and seldom successful. Therefore, understanding potential invasion pathways, maintaining native canopy-forming species that limitUndariasuccess, and effectively managing anthropogenic vectors ofUndariaspread, should be key management priorities.