First gene on the avian W chromosome (CHD) provides a tag for universal sexing of non-ratite birds
First gene on the avian W chromosome (CHD) provides a tag for universal sexing of non-ratite birds
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1996.0239
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发表时间：
1996-12-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Ellegren, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ellegren, H
鸟类的W染色体与哺乳动物的Y染色体有许多共同的特征：它很小，大部分是异染色质，并且充满了大的重复阵列。到目前为止，还没有基因被分配到任何鸟类的W染色体，作为一个实际的结果，在分子水平上缺乏一个通用的标签鸟类性别鉴定。在这里，我描述了一个鸡同源的小鼠染色体解旋酶-DNA结合（CHD）基因编码的蛋白质参与在染色质水平上的转录激活的全球调控的分离。禽CHD基因存在于两个基因组拷贝，其中之一（称为CHD-W）位于W染色体上的所有非平胸类物种的调查。该基因显示出极高的序列保守性，因为鸡CHD-W和小鼠CHD在核苷酸和氨基酸水平上分别有82.9%和95.6%的相同性。分子性别鉴定可以在可能所有的非平胸鸟类杂交Southern印迹与CHD探针。还展示了基于豌豆的性别识别。一个通用的鸟类性别鉴定系统应该有助于许多行为学、进化生态学、遗传学和进化的研究。
The avian W chromosome shares many features with the mammalian Y chromosome: it is small, mostly heterochromatic, and filled with large repetitive arrays. No gene has so far been assigned to the W chromosome in any bird species and, as a practical consequence, a general tag for avian gender identification on the molecular level is lacking. Here I describe the isolation of a chicken homologue to the mouse chromo-helicase-DNA binding (CHD) gene which encodes a protein involved in global regulation of transcriptional activation on the chromatin level. The avian CHD gene exists in two genomic copies, one of which (termed CHD-W) was located on the W chromosome in all non-ratite species investigated. The gene displays extreme levels of sequence conservation since chicken CHD-W and mouse CHD are 82.9% and 95.6% identical at the nucleotide and amino acid level respectively. Molecular sexing can be accomplished in probably all non-ratite birds by hybridizing Southern blots with CHD probes. pea-based gender identification is also demonstrated. A general system for avian sexing should facilitate many studies of behaviour, evolutionary ecology, genetics, and evolution.