Species-specific effects of genetic diversity and species diversity of experimental communities on early tree performance
Species-specific effects of genetic diversity and species diversity of experimental communities on early tree performance
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DOI：
10.1093/jpe/rtw108
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发表时间：
2017-02
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Xueqin Zeng;W. Durka;M. Fischer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xueqin Zeng;W. Durka;M. Fischer
生物多样性的变化会影响生态系统的功能。然而，相对于物种多样性而言，物种内遗传多样性的作用几乎没有得到讨论。方法以亚热带森林万年青、落叶树种12个种的8个种子家系（SF）为材料，进行析因试验，研究遗传多样性和物种多样性在树木生命早期重要阶段的作用。我们建立了264个社区，每个社区有16棵树。每个群落的物种多样性为1种或4种，每个物种的遗传多样性为1、2或4个SF。播种后20个月，我们测量了植物存活率，生长速率，最终生物量和植食性。重要结果不同种间在生物量、生长速率、植食性和存活率上存在显著差异（P < 0.001）。落叶树种的生物量显著高于常绿树种（P < 0.1），其取食强度显著高于常绿树种（P < 0.05）。物种多样性对不同物种的表现有不同的影响（物种多样性与物种相互作用，除生存外，所有变量P <0.001）。SF之间的生物量存在差异，遗传多样性从1增加到2，从2增加到4，每个物种的SF增加了某些物种的生物量，而减少了其他物种的生物量（P < 0.001）。我们的研究表明，显着的物种特异性反应的早期树木的性能，物种多样性和不太明显的遗传多样性的反应。这些物种特异性的反应表明反馈的物种多样性和遗传多样性对未来的物种组成。
Aims Changing biodiversity can affect ecosystem functioning. However, the role of genetic diversity within species, relative to the one of species diversity, has hardly been addressed. Methods To address the effects of both genetic diversity and species diversity during the important stage of early tree life, we used eight seed families (SF) taken from each of 12 evergreen and deciduous tree species of subtropical forest to perform a factorial experiment. We established 264 communities of 16 trees each. Each community had a species diversity of either one or four species and a genetic diversity of either one, two or four SF per species. We measured plant survival, growth rate, final biomass and herbivory 20 months after sowing. Important Findings Species differed from each other in biomass, growth rate, herbivory and survival (P < 0.001). Deciduous species tended to have much higher biomass (P < 0.1) and experienced higher herbivory (P < 0.05) than evergreen species. Species diversity affected the performance of different species differently (species diversity by species interaction, P <0.001 for all variables but survival). Biomass differed between SF and increasing genetic diversity from one to two, and from two to four, SF per species increased biomass for some species and decreased it for others (P < 0.001). Our study showed pronounced species–specific responses of early tree performance to species diversity and less pronounced responses to genetic diversity. These species–specific responses suggest feedbacks of species diversity and genetic diversity on future species composition.