Value Chain Governance, Power and Negative Externalities: What Influences Efforts to Control Pig Diseases in Myanmar?
Value Chain Governance, Power and Negative Externalities: What Influences Efforts to Control Pig Diseases in Myanmar?
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DOI：
10.1057/s41287-019-00239-x
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发表时间：
2019-11-22
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Tucker, Alexander W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ebata, Ayako;MacGregor, Hayley;Tucker, Alexander W.
牲畜疾病是影响世界各地穷人生计和健康的负面外部性的例子。我们研究了价值链上的治理和权力关系如何有助于减少牲畜疾病的负面影响。我们对缅甸的生猪价值链进行了案例研究，并检查了权力与努力之间的关系，以尽量减少猪传播疾病的风险。我们发现，价值链上的权力关系与价值链参与者控制负面外部性的努力没有直接联系，除非强大的参与者(1)了解负面外部性对更广泛社会的影响，(2)监督他人的做法，(3)能够追究产生负面外部性的人的责任。要满足这些条件，就需要政府、价值链行为体和民间社会之间进行有效协调，以便动员价值链行为体帮助改善公共卫生。
Livestock diseases are examples of negative externalities that affect livelihoods and health of poor people across the world. We investigate how the governance and power relationships along a value chain can contribute to reducing the negative effects of livestock diseases. We conducted a case study of Myanmar's pig value chains and examined the relationship between power and efforts to minimize the risks of pig-borne diseases. We find that power relationships along the value chains are not directly linked to value chain actors' effort to control negative externalities, unless powerful actors (1) understand the effects of negative externalities on the wider society, (2) monitor others' practices, and (3) could hold those who generate negative externalities accountable. Satisfying these conditions requires effective coordination between governments, value chain actors and civil societies in order to mobilize value chain actors to help improve public health.