OsGCD1 is essential for rice fertility and required for embryo dorsal-ventral pattern formation and endosperm development
OsGCD1 is essential for rice fertility and required for embryo dorsal-ventral pattern formation and endosperm development
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DOI：
10.1111/nph.14625
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发表时间：
2017-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Sun, Meng-Xiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang, Xiaorong;Peng, Xiongbo;Sun, Meng-Xiang
水稻育性是水稻繁殖的关键，因此是人们关注的焦点。大多数研究都涉及雄性不育及其与水稻生产的关系。胚胎发生和胚乳发育的调控机制是水稻繁殖所必需的，但在很大程度上仍是未知的，在这里，我们报告了水稻基因OsGCD 1，它编码一个高度保守的同源拟南芥GCD 1（GAMETE CELLS DEFECTIVE 1）的功能分析。利用CRISPR/Cas9系统构建OsGCD 1突变体并进行功能分析，结果显示，纯合子突变体不能获得，而杂合子突变体表现出改变的表型。在大多数败育种子中，胚乳核分裂次数有限。游离核仅分布于胚囊珠孔端，定向定位受阻。此外，糊粉分化中断。胚胎发育缓慢，图案形成，特别是背腹图案和对称性的建立，胚胎受到干扰。结果表明，OsGCD 1在水稻育性形成中起着重要作用，在水稻胚乳游离核定位和背腹图案形成中起着重要作用，在单子叶和双子叶植物有性生殖中起着重要作用。
Rice fertility is critical for rice reproduction and is thus a focus of interest. Most studies have addressed male sterility and its relation to rice production. The mechanisms of regulation of embryogenesis and endosperm development are essential for rice reproduction, but remain largely unknown.Here, we report a functional analysis of the rice gene OsGCD1, which encodes a highly conserved homolog of Arabidopsis GCD1 (GAMETE CELLS DEFECTIVE1). OsGCD1 mutants were generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and subjected to functional analysis.The homozygote mutants cannot be obtained, whereas heterozygotes showed altered phenotypes. In the majority of aborted seeds, the endosperm nucleus divided a limited number of times. The free nuclei were distributed only at the micropylar end of embryo sacs, and their oriented positioning was blocked. In addition, aleurone differentiation was interrupted. The embryo developed slowly, and pattern formation, particularly the dorsal-ventral pattern and symmetry establishment, of embryos was disturbed. Thus, the embryos showed various morphological and structural dysplasias.Our findings reveal that OsGCD1 is essential for rice fertility and is required for dorsal-ventral pattern formation and endosperm free nucleus positioning, suggesting a critical role in sexual reproduction of both monocotyledon and dicotyledon plants.