Genetic structure of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) from the Bolivian altiplano as revealed by RAPD markers
Genetic structure of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) from the Bolivian altiplano as revealed by RAPD markers
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DOI：
10.1007/s10722-006-9151-z
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Bizoux, Jean-Philippe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
del Castillo, Carmen;Winkel, Thierry;Bizoux, Jean-Philippe
藜麦（野生藜麦）是一种源自安第斯山脉的假谷物，对小农的粮食安全以及商业生产至关重要。最近，有人声称，在玻利维亚，遗传侵蚀可能是由于北部的作物边缘化和南部的商业标准化造成的。本研究的目的是量化存在于8个藜麦田间种群的遗传变异的等级结构，这些种群由栽培和杂草个体组成，代表了玻利维亚的高原和interandean山谷。随机扩增的多态性DNA标记表明，藜麦具有较强的群体结构和较高的群体内变异。由于种群隔离，不仅与距离有关，更可能与研究区内存在的气候和地形障碍有关，因此强调了种群地理结构的影响。通过实地采访发现，农民之间有限的种子交换也加强了人口结构。这种人口结构似乎与三个主要的生物地理区域有关：北部和中部高原、interandean valley和南部Salar。种群内遗传多样性高于主要自交物种的预期，也高于以往基于胚芽的研究报告。等离子体集合。本文就该物种的系统发育和生殖生物学方面的最新研究成果进行了评述，并对其对遗传资源管理的启示进行了讨论。
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a pseudocereal originated from the Andes important for small farmers' food security as well as for commercial production. Recently, it has been claimed that in Bolivia genetic erosion could result from the marginalization of the crop in the north and from its commercial standardization in the south. The aim of this study was to quantify the hierarchical structure of the genetic variation present in eight quinoa field populations, consisting of cultivated and weedy individuals, representative of the altiplano and interandean valleys of Bolivia. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers show that quinoa has a strong population structure and a high intra-population variation. An effect of geographical structure of the populations was highlighted, due to population isolation, not simply linked to distance but more probably to climatic and orographic barriers present in the studied zone. The population structure is also reinforced by the limited seed exchanges among farmers as revealed by field interviews. This population structure appears related to three major biogeographic zones: the northern and central altiplano, the interandean valley, and the southern Salar. Intrapopulation genetic diversity was higher than that expected for a mainly autogamous species, and higher than that reported in anterior studies based on germ.plasm collections. These results are commented in view of current knowledge on phylogeny and reproductive biology of the species, and their implications regarding genetic resources management are discussed.