Lineage/species-specific expansion of the Mx gene family in teleosts: Differential expression and modulation of nine Mx genes in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.
Lineage/species-specific expansion of the Mx gene family in teleosts: Differential expression and modulation of nine Mx genes in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fsi.2019.04.303
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发表时间：
2019-07
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Tingyu Wang;Fuguo Liu;G. Tian;C. Secombes;Tiehui Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tingyu Wang;Fuguo Liu;G. Tian;C. Secombes;Tiehui Wang
粘病毒耐药蛋白（Myxovirus resistance，Mx）是干扰素（interferon，IFN）诱导的一类动力蛋白样GTP酶，在抗病毒免疫中起重要作用。三个Mx基因（Mx 1 -3）已被克隆在虹鳟鱼。在这项研究中，另外六个Mx基因被克隆，驻留在四个染色体位点。进一步的生物信息学分析表明存在三个硬骨鱼Mx组（TMG），每个组具有特征性的基因组织。鲑科Mx属于TMG 1和TMG 2。鲑鱼Mx基因拷贝的增加主要是由于鲑鱼物种形成之前和之后发生的局部基因复制，以谱系/物种特异性方式。鳟鱼Mx分子在环1和4区域以及环4中的核定位信号中已经多样化。鳟鱼Mx基因在组织中差异表达，其中TMG 1（Mx 1 -4）在血液中高水平表达，TMG 2（Mx 5 -9）在肠中高水平表达。大多数鳟鱼Mx基因的表达在体外和体内都受到poly IC的诱导，并在发育过程中增加。此外，研究了抗病毒（IFN）和促炎细胞因子的诱导作用，结果表明I型IFN、IFNγ和IL-1β可以以Mx基因、细胞因子和细胞系依赖性方式诱导Mx基因表达。这些结果表明，鲑鱼拥有大量的Mx基因以及复杂的调控途径，这可能有助于他们在溯河产卵的生活方式的成功。
Myxovirus resistance (Mx) proteins are interferon (IFN)-inducible Dynamin-like GTPases, which play an important role in antiviral immunity. Three Mx genes (Mx1-3) have been cloned previously in rainbow trout. In this study, an additional six Mx genes were cloned that reside in four chromosomal loci. Further bioinformatics analysis suggests the presence of three teleost Mx groups (TMG) each with a characteristic gene organisation. Salmonid Mx belong to TMG1 and TMG2. The increased salmonid Mx gene copies are due mainly to local gene duplications that happened before and after salmonid speciation, in a lineage/species specific manner. Trout Mx molecules have been diversified in the loop 1 and 4 regions, and in the nuclear localisation signal in loop 4. The trout Mx genes were shown to be differentially expressed in tissues, with high levels of expression of TMG1 (Mx1-4) in blood and TMG2 (Mx5-9) in intestine. The expression of the majority of the trout Mx genes was induced by poly ICin vitroandin vivo, and increased during development. In addition, induction by antiviral (IFN) and proinflammatory cytokines was studied, and showed that type I IFN, IFNγ and IL-1β can induce Mx gene expression in an Mx gene-, cytokine- and cell line-dependent manner. These results show that salmonids possess a large number Mx genes as well as complex regulatory pathways, which may contribute to their success in an anadromous life style.