Assessing ADHD Symptomatic Behaviors and Functional Impairment in School Settings: Impact of Student and Teacher Characteristics
Assessing ADHD Symptomatic Behaviors and Functional Impairment in School Settings: Impact of Student and Teacher Characteristics
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DOI：
10.1037/spq0000095
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发表时间：
2014-12-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Power, Thomas J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DuPaul, George J.;Reid, Robert;Power, Thomas J.
本研究的目的是检查（a）教师报告的注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状和相关损害的全国代表性样本的儿童和青少年的患病率和（B）患病率作为学生和教师特征的函数变化的程度。根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版（DSM-5）标准和教师评定的损害，教师报告的ADHD症状被用来估计单独或联合使用症状和损害的患病率，并使用多样化的全国代表性样本评估ADHD的预测因子（n = 2，140; 1，070例男性，1，070例女性; 54.8%白色，非西班牙裔），年龄介于5至17岁之间（M = 11.53; SD = 3.54）。症状和损伤评级相结合得出的患病率与先前的流行病学调查结果最为一致。学生的年龄、性别、种族和特殊教育状况是症状计数和与抑郁症相关的损害水平的重要预测因素。在识别患有ADHD的学生时，同时考虑症状和与ADHD相关的障碍至关重要。学生和教师的特点可能会影响评级和鉴定结果。
The purpose of the present study was to examine (a) the teacher-reported prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and associated impairment in a nationally representative sample of children and adolescents and (b) the degree to which prevalence varied as a function of student and teacher characteristics. Teacher-reported symptoms of ADHD based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) criteria and teacher-rated impairment were used to estimate prevalence using symptoms and impairment either alone or in combination, and to assess predictors of ADHD using a diverse, nationally representative sample (n = 2,140; 1,070 males, 1,070 females; 54.8% White, non-Hispanic) between 5 to 17 years old (M = 11.53; SD = 3.54). The combination of symptom and impairment ratings yielded the prevalence rate most consistent with prior epidemiological findings. Students' age, gender, racial, and special education status were significant predictors of symptom count and level of symptom-related impairment. It is critically important to simultaneously consider symptoms and symptom-related impairment when identifying students with ADHD. Student and teacher characteristics may affect ratings and identification results.