Using plain language when you write
Using plain language when you write
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写作时使用通俗易懂的语言
DOI：
10.1111/nae2.3
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Evans
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Evans
你知道吗，在2010年，奥巴马总统签署了一项非正式的法律，称为“2010年简明写作法”？如果这对你来说是新闻，你是在良好的公司-许多人我提到这是不知道这一行为。它的全称是“一项通过规定向公众发布的政府文件必须书写清楚和用于其他目的，以加强公民获得政府信息和服务的法案”，这几乎概括了它的目的。《简明写作法》的内容开始从政府文件过滤到其他类型的公众材料，例如将其原则纳入患者教育材料、医疗保健和学术教育文章、护理期刊的写作中，诸如美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）和疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）等组织希望接触到“他们可以使用的健康信息，并以帮助人们轻松理解研究结果的方式进行交流。”1当然，让政府文件和健康信息更容易理解是很难争辩的！病人教育是护理专业的基石。州一级的护士实践法案，规范了整个美国的护理专业，有一般性的声明，讨论了护士教育病人“实际或潜在的健康问题”的责任。2这些指南提供了框架和期望，即护士是一线教育者，为患者提供自我护理管理的知识，理解和准备。在他们的实践范围内，护士可以根据病人的需求和学习风格自由决定教育。考虑到我们在美国的患者人群的多样性，这是一个至关重要的概念。大约有4400万美国公民是文盲（能够理解四年级或以下的材料），5000万人被归类为低识字（能够理解五年级和八年级之间的材料）。护士必须善于吸收高层次的健康信息，并能够将其分解为患者可以轻松理解的实用相关信息。3患者教育材料历来徘徊在八至十年级或更高的水平。此外，患者只能回忆起护士提供的大约40%的健康信息。4由于美国的识字率和保留率较低，简明语言5为患者提供了教育材料的最佳实践方法，因此他们可以找到他们需要的内容，在第一次阅读后理解他们的发现，并使用这些发现来满足他们的需求。
Did you know that in 2010, President Obama signed a law informally called “The Plain Writing Act of 2010”? If this is news to you, you are in good company—many people I have mentioned this to are not aware of this act. Its full title,“An act to enhance citizen access to Government information and services by establishing that Government documents issued to the public must be written clearly, and for other purposes” pretty much sums up its purpose. Elements of the Plain Writing Act are starting to filter down from government documents to other types of materials for the public, such as incorporating its principles into writing for patient education materials, healthcare and academic education articles, nursing journals, and so on. Organizations such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) want to reach everyone with “health information they can use and to communicate in a way that helps people to easily understand research results.” 1 Certainly, it is hard to argue with making government documents and health information easier to understand! Patient education is a cornerstone of the profession of nursing. State level Nurse Practice Acts, which regulate the profession of nursing throughout the US, have general statements that discuss the nurse's responsibility for educating patients on “actual or potential health problems.” 2 These guidelines provide the framework and expectation that nurses are frontline educators to provide patients with knowledge, understanding, and preparation for self‐care management. Within their scope of practice, nurses have freedom to make decisions regarding education based on a patient's needs and learning style. This is a crucial concept given our diverse patient population in the US. Roughly 44 million US citizens are illiterate (able to understand material at a fourth‐grade level or below) and 50 million are classified as low literate (able to understand material between a fifth‐and eighth‐grade level). Nurses must be skilled in absorbing high‐level health information and able to break it down into practical related information that patients can easily understand. 3 Patient education materials have historically hovered around eighth‐to tenth‐grade level or higher. Additionally, patients can only recall about 40% of health information provided by nurses. 4 Due to the low literacy and retention rates in the US, Plain Language 5 provides a best practices approach to education materials for patients, so they can find what they need, understand what they find after they have read it the first time, and use the findings to meet their needs.