The opto-mechanical design of the GMT-Consortium Large Earth Finder (G-CLEF)
The opto-mechanical design of the GMT-Consortium Large Earth Finder (G-CLEF)
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GMT联盟大型地球探测器（G-CLEF）的光机设计
DOI：
10.1117/12.2313582
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McMuldroch, Stuart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mueller, Mark A.;Szentgyorgyi, Andrew;Baldwin, Daniel;Ben-Ami, Sagi;Budynkiewicz, Jamie;Evans, Ian;Evans, Janet;Lopez-Morales, Mercedes;McCracken, Kenneth;McMuldroch, Stuart
GMT-Consortium Large Earth Telescope（G-CLEF）将成为巨型麦哲伦望远镜（GMT）第一代仪器套件的一部分。G-CLEF是一种通用中阶梯光栅光谱仪，工作在光学通带，具有精确径向速度（PRV）能力。G-CLEF的测量精度目标是10厘米/秒;这是探测地球类似物所必需的。这一目标对光学支架和摄谱仪支撑结构提出了具有挑战性的稳定性要求，特别是在考虑仪器的操作环境时。G-CLEF的精度将受到温度和环境气压变化、振动以及望远镜正常运动引起的微重力矢量变化的影响。由于这些原因，我们选择将G-CLEF的摄谱仪封闭在GMT方位平台上重力不变位置的一个绝缘良好的振动隔离真空室中。GMT望远镜的其他设计限制包括：有限的空间封套，热泄漏天花板和最大重量限额。其他因素，如可制造性、可维护性、可用技术和预算也是重要的设计驱动因素。G-CLEF将于2018年年中完成关键设计阶段。在本文中，我们讨论了GCLEF的光学支架和支撑结构的设计，包括选择一个低CTE的碳纤维光学工作台。我们讨论了真空室和真空系统。我们讨论了G-CLEF的隔热外壳和热控制系统的设计，同时保持光谱仪在毫开尔文水平的稳定性和限制热泄漏到望远镜圆顶。还讨论了由望远镜正常旋转引起的微重力矢量变化，它们对像移的未校正影响，以及在设计中如何处理它们。我们讨论G-CLEF的前端组件和光纤馈电系统以及其他接口，集成和服务的望远镜，外壳和邻近的仪器所提出的挑战。这项工作得到了GMTO公司的支持，GMTO公司是一个代表国际大学和机构联盟运作的非营利组织：亚利桑那州立大学、澳大利亚天文学有限公司、澳大利亚国立大学、卡内基科学研究所、哈佛大学、韩国天文学和空间科学研究所、圣保罗研究基金会、史密森学会、得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校、德克萨斯AM大学、亚利桑那大学和芝加哥大学。
The GMT-Consortium Large Earth Finder (G-CLEF) will be part of the first generation instrumentation suite for the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT). G-CLEF is a general purpose echelle spectrograph operating in the optical passband with precision radial velocity (PRV) capability. The measurement precision goal of G-CLEF is 10 cm/sec; necessary for the detection of Earth analogues. This goal imposes challenging stability requirements on the optical mounts and spectrograph support structures especially when considering the instrument’s operational environment. G-CLEF’s accuracy will be influenced by changes in temperature and ambient air pressure, vibration, and micro gravity-vector variations caused by normal telescope motions. For these reasons we have chosen to enclose G-CLEF’s spectrograph in a wellinsulated, vibration-isolated vacuum chamber in a gravity invariant location on GMT’s azimuth platform. Additional design constraints posed by the GMT telescope include; a limited space envelope, a thermal leakage ceiling, and a maximum weight allowance. Other factors, such as manufacturability, serviceability, available technology, and budget are also significant design drivers. G-CLEF will complete its Critical Design phase in mid-2018. In this paper, we discuss the design of GCLEF’s optical mounts and support structures including the choice of a low-CTE carbon-fiber optical bench. We discuss the vacuum chamber and vacuum systems. We discuss the design of G-CLEF’s insulated enclosure and thermal control systems which simultaneously maintain the spectrograph at milli-Kelvin level stability and limit thermal leakage into the telescope dome. Also discussed are micro gravity-vector variations caused by normal telescope slewing, their uncorrected influence on image motion, and how they are dealt with in the design. We discuss G-CLEF’s front-end assembly and fiber-feed system as well as other interface, integration and servicing challenges presented by the telescope, enclosure, and neighboring instrumentation. This work has been supported by the GMTO Corporation, a non-profit organization operated on behalf of an international consortium of universities and institutions: Arizona State University, Astronomy Australia Ltd, the Australian National University, the Carnegie Institution for Science, Harvard University, the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, the São Paulo Research Foundation, the Smithsonian Institution, the University of Texas at Austin, Texas AM University, the University of Arizona, and the University of Chicago.
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