Monaural and binaural spectral cues created by the external ears of the pallid bat
Monaural and binaural spectral cues created by the external ears of the pallid bat
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/0378-5955(95)00223-5
复制
发表时间：
1996-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Fuzessery, ZM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fuzessery, ZM
外耳的声学特性以位置相关的方式变换入射声音的频谱，并提供用于二维定位的单声道和双耳频谱信息。人类研究表明，双耳频谱差异，以及单声道传递函数中的频谱峰和陷波，都可以提供空间信息。本研究探讨了苍白的蝙蝠耳的声学特性，以确定方向性，耳间强度差异，频谱峰值和缺口的传递函数，以及声学增益。苍白蝙蝠是一种收集食物的蝙蝠，它使用被动的声音定位来寻找猎物，并使用回声定位来确定大致的方向。它能够非常准确的被动声定位，本研究的主要重点是确定可能支持这种定位敏锐度的频谱线索。结果表明，这种蝙蝠的外耳创建光谱的最大值和最小值系统地随方位角和仰角而变化。单声道的光谱线索类似于人类和猫的报告，并建议跨类群使用类似的光谱线索。耳朵还产生了鲁棒的耳间频谱差异，其随着声音方位角和仰角而系统地变化。这些单声道和双耳频谱线索可以提供在蝙蝠的被动声音定位性能中明显的1度角分辨率的基础。
The acoustic properties of external ears transform the spectra of incident sound in a location-dependent manner, and provide monaural and binaural spectral information used in 2-dimensional localization. Human studies suggest that binaural spectral differences, and spectral peaks and notches in monaural transfer functions, may all provide spatial information. This study examined the acoustic properties of;the pallid bat ear to determine directionality, interaural intensity differences, spectral peaks and notches in transfer functions, as well as acoustic gain. The pallid bat is a gleaning bat that uses passive sound localization to find prey, and echolocation for general orientation. It is capable of very accurate passive sound localization, and the primary focus of this study was to determine the spectral cues that might support this localization acuity. Results show that the external ears of this bat create spectral maxima and minima that vary systematically with azimuth and elevation. The monaural spectral cues resemble those reported in humans and cats, and suggest that similar spectral cues are used across taxa. The ears also create robust interaural spectral differences that vary systematically with both sound azimuth and elevation. These monaural and binaural spectral cues may provide the basis for the 1 degrees angular resolution apparent in it this bat's passive sound localization performance.