Management control of soil organic matter dynamics in tropical land-use systems
Management control of soil organic matter dynamics in tropical land-use systems
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DOI：
10.1016/s0016-7061(97)00038-4
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发表时间：
1997-09
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
E. Fernandes;P. Motavalli;C. Castilla;L. Mukurumbira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Fernandes;P. Motavalli;C. Castilla;L. Mukurumbira
鉴于热带森林迅速转变为农作物和牧场、广泛使用化肥的经济限制以及化肥滥用的潜在负面生态影响，迫切需要改善热带土地利用系统中有机投入和土壤有机质（SOM）动态的管理。一个理想的目标是能够通过管理实践操纵土壤有机质动态，以促进土壤保护，确保农业生态系统的可持续生产力，并提高热带土壤作为大气碳汇而不是碳源的能力。土壤有机质动态受到以下管理活动的影响：（1）通过耕作、覆盖和施用有机或无机肥料来控制土壤环境； (2) 不仅改变有机投入的数量和质量，而且改变施用的位置和时间； (3)土壤动物的操纵。尽管基于生态系统概念的模拟模型（例如“世纪”）提供了一个动态概念框架来检验长期管理的影响，但热带农业生态系统中 SOM 动态的可预测管理因缺乏适当的方法来隔离对管理敏感的 SOM 池而受到限制。
Given the rapid conversion of tropical forests to crop and pasture land, the economic constraints to widespread fertilizer use, and the potentially negative ecological impacts of fertilizer misuse, there is an urgent need to improve the management of organic inputs and soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics in tropical land-use systems. One desirable goal is the ability to be able to manipulate SOM dynamics via management practices so as to promote soil conservation, to ensure the sustainable productivity of agroecosystems, and to increase the capacity of tropical soils to act as a sink for, rather than a source of, atmospheric carbon. Soil organic matter dynamics are affected by management activities such as: (1) manipulation of the soil environment via tillage, mulching, and application of organic or inorganic fertilizers; (2) varying not only the quantity and quality of organic inputs, but also the placement and timing of application; and (3) manipulation of soil fauna. Although simulation models based on ecosystem concepts, such as Century, offer a dynamic conceptual framework to examine the effects of long-term management, the predictable management of SOM dynamics in tropical agroecosystems is constrained by the lack of appropriate methodologies to isolate SOM pools that are responsive to management.