Overview of augmented reality
Overview of augmented reality
复制标题
增强现实概述
DOI：
10.1145/1103900.1103926
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ronald T. Azuma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ronald T. Azuma
· 1）在真实的环境中融合真实的和虚拟的· 2）实时交互· 3）在3-D中注册·向所有感官（听觉、触觉？）·包括移除部分真实的环境的想法（也称为现实：现实-虚拟连续体上的一类显示器混合现实系统实验室HITL为什么研究人员感兴趣？研究人员为什么感兴趣？·增强对真实的世界的感知并与之互动·在现实世界任务中提高生产力的潜力·相对较新的领域，存在许多问题，但最近取得了很大进展4 A Brief（和不完整）AR的历史（1）AR的简要（和不完整）历史（1）AR的简要（和不完整）历史（2）·20世纪90年代初：波音公司创造了术语“AR”。“线束装配申请开始。·20世纪90年代早期至中期：超声可视化项目· 1994年：运动稳定显示器[Azuma] · 1994年：视频透视中的基准跟踪[Bajura / Neumann] · 1996年：磁视觉混合跟踪器（第一个令人信服的环境）5 A Brief（和不完整）AR的历史（3）简介（和不完整）AR的历史（3）·在体育直播中添加虚拟内容-美式足球中的“第一下“线-曲棍球冰球小径，虚拟广告-击球区可视化-2000年奥运会游泳道上的国旗·商业应用·在现场拍摄主要镜头时实时显示特殊效果·让演员和导演更好地了解最终产品的外观。在主要摄影过程中进行更改的潜力（而不是在后期修复）·罗伯逊。Inside Moves，Computer Graphics World（2001年7月）[工业光魔为电影“A.I.·到目前为止，这主要是通过虚拟集（增强虚拟性）完成的应用：医疗应用：医疗·外科医生的“X射线视觉“·辅助可视化，微创手术。训练MRI、CT数据。应用领域：复杂机械应用：复杂机械·组装说明，维护和复杂设备的维修-飞机[波音] -波音[哥伦比亚] -发动机-汽车组装-和其他.机械与虚拟管道和平面图增强。·公共和私人注释·援助识别，“扩展内存“-图书馆，地图[Fitzmaurice 93] - Windows [哥伦比亚] -机械部件[许多地方] -提醒笔记[索尼，麻省理工学院媒体实验室]应用：飞机操作·头盔安装的景点（短程导弹）·虚拟跑道标记.
• 1) Blends real and virtual, in real environment • 2) Real-time interactive • 3) Registered in 3-D • Applies to all senses (auditory, haptic?) • Not an HMD-specific definition • Includes idea of removing part of real environment (a.k.a. mediated or diminished reality) Reality: A class of displays on the reality-virtuality continuum Mixed Reality Systems Lab HITL Why are researchers interested? Why are researchers interested? • Enhance perception of and interaction with the real world • Potential for productivity improvements in real-world tasks • Relatively new field with many problems, but much progress has occurred recently 4 A Brief (and incomplete) History of AR (1) A Brief (and incomplete) History of AR (1) A Brief (and incomplete) History of AR (2) • Early 1990's: Boeing coined the term " AR. " Wire harness assembly application begun. • Early to mid 1990's: UNC ultrasound visualization project • 1994: Motion stabilized display [Azuma] • 1994: Fiducial tracking in video see-through [Bajura / Neumann] • 1996: UNC hybrid magnetic-vision tracker (first compelling environment) 5 A Brief (and incomplete) History of AR (3) A Brief (and incomplete) History of AR (3) • Adding virtual content to live sports broadcasts – " First down " line in American football – Hockey puck trails, virtual advertisements – Strike zone visualization – National flags in swimming lanes in 2000 Olympics • Commercial application • Real-time previsualization of special effects, on site during live action principal photography • Gives both actors and directors a better concept of what the finished product will look like. Potential to make changes during principal photography (rather than fixing in post) • Robertson. Inside Moves, Computer Graphics World (July 2001) [ILM provided for film " A.I. " ] • So far this has been primarily done with virtual sets (augmented virtuality) Applications: medical Applications: medical • " X-ray vision " for surgeons • Aid visualization, minimally-invasive operations. Training. MRI, CT data. Applications: complex machinery Applications: complex machinery • Instructions for assembly, maintenance and repair of complex equipment – Aircraft [Boeing] – Printers [Columbia] – Engines – Automobile assembly – and others... Machinery augmented with virtual pipes and floor plan. • Public and private annotations • Aid recognition, " extended memory " – Libraries, maps [Fitzmaurice93] – Windows [Columbia] – Mechanical parts [many places] – Reminder notes [Sony, MIT Media Lab] Application: aircraft operations • Helmet-mounted sights (short-range missiles) • Virtual runway markers …