The Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Zambia: Results from the First National TB Prevalence Survey, 2013-2014.
The Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Zambia: Results from the First National TB Prevalence Survey, 2013-2014.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0146392
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Grobusch MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kapata N;Chanda-Kapata P;Ngosa W;Metitiri M;Klinkenberg E;Kalisvaart N;Sunkutu V;Shibemba A;Chabala C;Chongwe G;Tembo M;Mulenga L;Mbulo G;Katemangwe P;Sakala S;Chizema-Kawesha E;Masiye F;Sinyangwe G;Onozaki I;Mwaba P;Chikamata D;Zumla A;Grobusch MP
赞比亚的结核病是一个主要的公共卫生问题，但该国没有可靠的结核病患病率基线数据来衡量影响；因此，赞比亚是世界卫生组织确定的优先开展国家结核病患病率调查的国家之一，旨在估计 2013-2014 年赞比亚 15 岁及以上成年人口中结核病的患病率。在赞比亚所有 10 个省份的 66 个集群中进行了一项基于人口的横断面调查。 15 岁及以上符合条件的参与者接受了结核病症状筛查、胸部 X 光检查 (CXR) 并接受了艾滋病毒检测。有结核病症状和/或 CXR 异常的参与者接受了深入访谈，并提交了一份现场痰样本和一份早晨痰样本，用于涂片显微镜检查和液体培养。整个过程中使用了数字数据收集方法。在被统计的 98,458 人中，有 54,830 人（55.7%）有资格参与，46,099 人（84.1%）参与。在参与的人中，45,633/46,099 (99%) 人通过症状评估和胸部 X 光检查进行筛查，而 466/46,099 (1.01%) 人仅通过访谈进行筛查。 6,708人（14.6%）有资格提交痰液，其中6,154人/6,708人（91.7%）提交了至少一份样本进行检查。发现的 MTB 病例为 265/6,123 (4.3%)。估计全国成人涂片、培养和细菌学确诊的结核病患病率为 319/100,000 (232-406/100,000)； 568/100,000 (440-697/100,000)；和 638/100,000 (502-774/100,000) 人口。 HIV 阳性者患结核病的风险是 HIV 阴性者的五倍。所有形式的结核病患病率估计为 455 例/100,000 各年龄段人口。赞比亚的结核病患病率高于先前估计的水平。需要创新方法来加速结核病的控制。
Tuberculosis in Zambia is a major public health problem, however the country does not have reliable baseline data on the TB prevalence for impact measurement; therefore it was among the priority countries identified by the World Health Organization to conduct a national TB prevalence survey To estimate the prevalence of tuberculosis among the adult Zambian population aged 15 years and above, in 2013–2014. A cross-sectional population-based survey was conducted in 66 clusters across all the 10 provinces of Zambia. Eligible participants aged 15 years and above were screened for TB symptoms, had a chest x-ray (CXR) performed and were offered an HIV test. Participants with TB symptoms and/or CXR abnormality underwent an in-depth interview and submitted one spot- and one morning sputum sample for smear microscopy and liquid culture. Digital data collection methods were used throughout the process. Of the 98,458 individuals who were enumerated, 54,830 (55.7%) were eligible to participate, and 46,099 (84.1%) participated. Of those who participated, 45,633/46,099 (99%) were screened by both symptom assessment and chest x-ray, while 466/46,099 (1.01%) were screened by interview only. 6,708 (14.6%) were eligible to submit sputum and 6,154/6,708 (91.7%) of them submitted at least one specimen for examination. MTB cases identified were 265/6,123 (4.3%). The estimated national adult prevalence of smear, culture and bacteriologically confirmed TB was 319/100,000 (232-406/100,000); 568/100,000 (440-697/100,000); and 638/100,000 (502-774/100,000) population, respectively. The risk of having TB was five times higher in the HIV positive than HIV negative individuals. The TB prevalence for all forms was estimated to be 455 /100,000 population for all age groups. The prevalence of tuberculosis in Zambia was higher than previously estimated. Innovative approaches are required to accelerate the control of TB.