Assessing the role of forests in mitigating eutrophication downstream of agricultural areas during spring snowmelt.
Assessing the role of forests in mitigating eutrophication downstream of agricultural areas during spring snowmelt.
复制标题
评估森林在春季融雪期间缓解农业区下游富营养化的作用。
DOI：
10.1002/hyp.10189
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Kume A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chiwa M.;Inoue S.;Tashiro N.;Ohgi D.;Uehara Y.;Shibata H.;Kume A.
很少有研究探讨森林是否可以减少春季融雪期间农业区溪流水的富营养化。这项研究评估了森林在改善融雪期间农业区（包括牧场）恶化的溪流水质方面的作用。对日本北部混合土地利用流域（565 公顷：牧场 13%，林业 87%）溪流水质的时间变化进行了长达 7 年的监测。春季、夏季和秋季，还在盆地（18.3 平方公里）内的大范围森林和农业区的 16 个地点进行了概要溪流水采样。对大气氮（N）和磷（P）沉降进行了 4 年的测量。结果表明，春季融雪期间流量增加时，河水中硝酸盐、有机氮和总磷浓度出现脉冲变化。当硅酸盐浓度较低时，它们的浓度较高，这表明从牧场输出的地表水在很大程度上造成了融雪期间溪流水的污染。大气氮和磷沉降（分别为 4.1 kg N ha−1y−1；0.09 kg P ha−1y−1）太低，不足以影响森林地区溪流中氮和磷的背景浓度。牧场养分引起的富营养化减少主要是由于森林地区输出的含有低浓度氮和磷的水的稀释所致，而河流内的减少并不是主要过程。结果表明，在该研究盆地融雪期间，森林减少溪流水中氮和磷浓度脉冲的能力有限。版权所有 © 2014 约翰·威利父子有限公司
Little research has examined whether forests reduce stream water eutrophication in agricultural areas during spring snowmelt periods. This study evaluated the role of forests in ameliorating deteriorated stream water quality in agricultural areas, including pasture, during snowmelt periods. Temporal variation in stream water quality at a mixed land‐use basin (565 ha: pasture 13%, forestry 87%), northern Japan, was monitored for 7 years. Synoptic stream water sampling was also conducted at 16 sites across a wide range of forest and agricultural areas in a basin (18.3 km2) in spring, summer and fall. Atmospheric nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deposition were measured for 4 years. The results showed that concentration pulses of nitrate, organic N and total P in stream water were observed when discharge increased during spring snowmelt. Their concentrations were high when silicate concentrations were low, suggesting surface water exported from pasture largely contributed to stream water pollution during snowmelt. Atmospheric N and P deposition (4.1 kg N ha−1y−1; 0.09 kg P ha−1y−1, respectively) was too low to affect the background concentrations of N and P in streams from forested areas. Reduction of eutrophication caused by nutrients from pasture was mainly due to dilution by water containing low concentrations of N and P exported from forested areas, whereas in‐stream reduction was not a dominant process. Results indicate that forests have a limited capacity to reduce the concentration pulses of N and P in stream water during snowmelt in this study basin. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.