One-Pot Alcoholysis of the Lignocellulosic Eucalyptus nitens Biomass to n-Butyl Levulinate, a Valuable Additive for Diesel Motor Fuel
One-Pot Alcoholysis of the Lignocellulosic Eucalyptus nitens Biomass to n-Butyl Levulinate, a Valuable Additive for Diesel Motor Fuel
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DOI：
10.3390/catal10050509
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Galletti, Anna Maria Raspolli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Antonetti, Claudia;Gori, Samuele;Galletti, Anna Maria Raspolli
本研究是循环经济框架下桉树生物量完全增值的一个具体例子。采用正丁醇为绿色试剂/反应介质，极稀硫酸为均相催化剂，采用不同的加热系统，以自水解脱木质素桉为廉价的富纤维素原料，直接醇解乙酰丙酸吨丁酯。考察了主要反应参数对乙酰丙酸给定丁酯的影响，验证了该反应的可行性，并确定了相关性较大的主要操作变量的粗范围。在微波和传统加热下，即使使用非常高的生物质负荷（20 wt%），从高重力方法的角度来看，也可以实现高乙酰丙酸丁酯的摩尔产率（35-40 mol%）。通过添加新鲜生物质对优化实验得到的反应混合物进行再处理的可能性进行了评估，母液经过一次微波再处理后，乙酰丙酸丁酯浓度达到了85 g/L左右，这是迄今为止报道的从真实生物质开始的最高值。采用响应面法对醇解反应进行优化，建立了面心中心复合设计，并在最佳工艺条件下进行了实验验证。最后，对柴油发动机的性能和排放进行了初步研究，该模型混合物的成分与丁醇分解反应产生的成分相似，证实了其作为柴油燃料添加剂的潜在应用，无需分离每种成分。
The present investigation represents a concrete example of complete valorization ofEucalyptus nitensbiomass, in the framework of the circular economy. Autohydrolyzed-delignifiedEucalyptus nitenswas employed as a cheap cellulose-rich feedstock in the direct alcoholysis ton-butyl levulinate, adoptingn-butanol as green reagent/reaction medium, very dilute sulfuric acid as a homogeneous catalyst, and different heating systems. The effect of the main reaction parameters to given-butyl levulinate was investigated to check the feasibility of this reaction and identify the coarse ranges of the main operating variables of greater relevance. Highn-butyl levulinate molar yields (35-40 mol%) were achieved under microwave and traditional heating, even using a very high biomass loading (20 wt%), an eligible aspect from the perspective of the high gravity approach. The possibility of reprocessing the reaction mixture deriving from the optimized experiment by the addition of fresh biomass was evaluated, achieving the maximumn-butyl levulinate concentration of about 85 g/L after only one microwave reprocessing of the mother liquor, the highest value hitherto reported starting from real biomass. The alcoholysis reaction was further optimized by Response Surface Methodology, setting a Face-Centered Central Composite Design, which was experimentally validated at the optimal operating conditions for then-butyl levulinate production. Finally, a preliminary study of diesel engine performances and emissions for a model mixture with analogous composition to that produced from the butanolysis reaction was performed, confirming its potential application as an additive for diesel fuel, without separation of each component.