Occurrence of Fusarium langsethiae and T-2 and HT-2 Toxins in Italian Malting Barley.
Occurrence of Fusarium langsethiae and T-2 and HT-2 Toxins in Italian Malting Barley.
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DOI：
10.3390/toxins8080247
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发表时间：
2016-08-20
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Terzi V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morcia C;Tumino G;Ghizzoni R;Badeck FW;Lattanzio VM;Pascale M;Terzi V
T-2 和 HT-2 毒素是 A 型单端孢霉烯族毒素中毒性最强的两种，由许多镰刀菌属物种产生。 2011-2014 年生长季在意大利不同气候地区进行的一项调查研究了大麦样品中这些霉菌毒素的存在情况。检测结果呈阳性的样本百分比范围为 22% 至 53%，含量范围为 26 至 787 μg/kg。 2011-2014 年期间，T-2 和 HT-2 含量高于欧盟大麦指示水平 200 μg/kg 的样品百分比为 2% 至 19.6%。 100% 阳性样本中产生这些毒素的真菌物种已被确定为镰刀菌 (Fusarium langsethiae)，它是著名的 T-2 和 HT-2 毒素生产者。发现 F. langsethiae DNA 量与 T-2 和 HT-2 毒素总和之间呈正相关。这是关于意大利种植的啤酒大麦中出现 F. langsethiae 及其有毒代谢物 T-2 和 HT-2 的第一份报告。
T-2 and HT-2 toxins are two of the most toxic members of type-A trichothecenes, produced by a number of Fusarium species. The occurrence of these mycotoxins was studied in barley samples during a survey carried out in the 2011–2014 growing seasons in climatically different regions in Italy. The percentage of samples found positive ranges from 22% to 53%, with values included between 26 and 787 μg/kg. The percentage of samples with a T-2 and HT-2 content above the EU indicative levels for barley of 200 μg/kg ranges from 2% to 19.6% in the 2011–2014 period. The fungal species responsible for the production of these toxins in 100% of positive samples has been identified as Fusarium langsethiae, a well-known producer of T-2 and HT-2 toxins. A positive correlation between the amount of F. langsethiae DNA and of the sum of T-2 and HT-2 toxins was found. This is the first report on the occurrence of F. langsethiae—and of its toxic metabolites T-2 and HT-2—in malting barley grown in Italy.