Arcuate Nucleus-Dependent Regulation of Metabolism-Pathways to Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus.
Arcuate Nucleus-Dependent Regulation of Metabolism-Pathways to Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus.
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依赖弓状核的代谢调节-肥胖和糖尿病的途径。
DOI：
10.1210/endrev/bnab025
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发表时间：
2022-03-09
影响因子：
20.3
通讯作者：
Brüning JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jais A;Brüning JC
中枢神经系统(CNS)接收来自传入神经元、循环激素和吸收的营养物质的信息，并整合这些信息来协调神经内分泌和自主神经系统在维持全身代谢动态平衡方面的行动。尤其是下丘脑弓状核(ARC)对肥胖信号(如瘦素和胰岛素)和循环营养物质(如葡萄糖)的初级感觉至关重要。重要的是，ARC中的能量状态感知神经元不仅调节摄食，而且同时控制多种生理功能，如葡萄糖稳态、血压和先天免疫反应。这些发现将它们定义为主要调节器，使综合生理学适应有机体的能量状态。这种微调控制的破坏导致能量摄入和消耗之间的不平衡，以及外围代谢的放松调节。提高我们对中枢神经系统这一调节原理的细胞、分子和功能基础的理解，可以为开发治疗肥胖症和代谢综合征的新治疗策略奠定基础。在这篇综述中，我们总结了新的见解，特别强调调节食物摄入量和葡萄糖稳态的ARC神经回路，以及通知大脑生物体能量状态的传感因子。
The central nervous system (CNS) receives information from afferent neurons, circulating hormones, and absorbed nutrients and integrates this information to orchestrate the actions of the neuroendocrine and autonomic nervous systems in maintaining systemic metabolic homeostasis. Particularly the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC) is of pivotal importance for primary sensing of adiposity signals, such as leptin and insulin, and circulating nutrients, such as glucose. Importantly, energy state–sensing neurons in the ARC not only regulate feeding but at the same time control multiple physiological functions, such as glucose homeostasis, blood pressure, and innate immune responses. These findings have defined them as master regulators, which adapt integrative physiology to the energy state of the organism. The disruption of this fine-tuned control leads to an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure as well as deregulation of peripheral metabolism. Improving our understanding of the cellular, molecular, and functional basis of this regulatory principle in the CNS could set the stage for developing novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome. In this review, we summarize novel insights with a particular emphasis on ARC neurocircuitries regulating food intake and glucose homeostasis and sensing factors that inform the brain of the organismal energy status.
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影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Caron A;Dungan Lemko HM;Castorena CM;Fujikawa T;Lee S;Lord CC;Ahmed N;Lee CE;Holland WL;Liu C;Elmquist JK
通讯作者：
Elmquist JK
影响因子：
29
作者：
Balland E;Dam J;Langlet F;Caron E;Steculorum S;Messina A;Rasika S;Falluel-Morel A;Anouar Y;Dehouck B;Trinquet E;Jockers R;Bouret SG;Prévot V
通讯作者：
Prévot V
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Brandt, Claus;Nolte, Hendrik;Bruening, Jens C.
通讯作者：
Bruening, Jens C.
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Cavalcanti-de-Albuquerque, Joao Paulo;Bober, Jeremy;Dietrich, Marcelo O.
通讯作者：
Dietrich, Marcelo O.
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Beutler, Lisa R.;Corpuz, Timothy, V;Knight, Zachary A.
通讯作者：
Knight, Zachary A.