Roles of nectins and nectin-like molecules in the nervous system.
Roles of nectins and nectin-like molecules in the nervous system.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4614-8090-7_5
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Mori;Y. Rikitake;K. Mandai;Y. Takai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Mori;Y. Rikitake;K. Mandai;Y. Takai
连接素是免疫球蛋白样细胞粘附分子（CAMs），由四个成员组成。它们专门定位于两个相邻细胞之间的粘附连接（AJs）。连接蛋白通过它们的c端与肌动蛋白结合，并与肌动蛋白细胞骨架相连。除了连接蛋白，还有类似连接蛋白的分子（Necls），它们在结构上与连接蛋白相似，构成一个有五个成员的家族。nectin和necl参与多种细胞的形成，包括细胞的极化、运动、增殖、存活和分化等多种细胞功能。在神经元组织中，连接蛋白和Necls作为cam在神经元-神经元和神经元-胶质相互作用中起着至关重要的作用。例如，连接蛋白和Necl家族的成员参与海马体突触的形成和重塑，海马体是大脑学习和记忆的关键区域。连接素在听觉系统中也起着重要作用。此外，当连接蛋白和Necls发生突变或上调时，它们与人类神经系统疾病有关。因此，连接素和necl对神经系统的生理和病理至关重要。
Nectins are immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) constituting a family with four members. They exclusively localize at adherens junctions (AJs) between two neighboring cells. Nectins bind to afadin through their C-termini and are linked to the actin cytoskeleton. In addition to nectins, there are nectin-like molecules (Necls), which resemble nectins in their structures and constitute a family with five members. Nectins and Necls are involved in the formation of various kinds of cell–cell adhesion and diverse cellular functions including cell polarization, movement, proliferation, survival, and differentiation. In neuronal tissues, nectins and Necls functionally play crucial roles as CAMs at neuron–neuron and neuron–glia interactions. For example, the members of the nectin and Necl families are involved in synapse formation and remodeling in the hippocampus, a key brain region for learning and memory. Nectins also play important roles in the auditory system. Moreover, nectins and Necls are associated with human neurological diseases when mutated or upregulated. Thus, nectins and Necls are crucial for physiology and pathology in the nervous system.