Socioeconomic status and smoking: a review
Socioeconomic status and smoking: a review
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06202.x
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Munafo, Marcus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hiscock, Rosemary;Bauld, Linda;Munafo, Marcus
弱势群体的吸烟率较高，弱势吸烟者可能面临更大的烟草危害。在社会经济地位低的人中，吸收率也可能更高，戒烟尝试不太可能成功。研究表明，这可能是由于社会对戒烟的支持减少，戒烟动机低，对烟草的成瘾性更强，无法完成药物治疗或行为支持课程的可能性增加，缺乏自我效能感等心理差异以及烟草行业营销的结果。对较低社会经济群体有效的干预措施的证据很少。提高烟草制品价格似乎是最有可能减少烟草造成的健康不平等的烟草控制干预措施。有针对性的戒烟方案和大众媒体干预也有助于减少不平等。为了解决弱势群体吸烟率高的问题，需要采取一系列烟草控制措施，这些措施应与解决健康不平等问题的更广泛努力相结合。
Smoking prevalence is higher among disadvantaged groups, and disadvantaged smokers may face higher exposure to tobacco's harms. Uptake may also be higher among those with low socioeconomic status (SES), and quit attempts are less likely to be successful. Studies have suggested that this may be the result of reduced social support for quitting, low motivation to quit, stronger addiction to tobacco, increased likelihood of not completing courses of pharmacotherapy or behavioral support sessions, psychological differences such as lack of self-efficacy, and tobacco industry marketing. Evidence of interventions that work among lower socioeconomic groups is sparse. Raising the price of tobacco products appears to be the tobacco control intervention with the most potential to reduce health inequalities from tobacco. Targeted cessation programs and mass media interventions can also contribute to reducing inequalities. To tackle the high prevalence of smoking among disadvantaged groups, a combination of tobacco control measures is required, and these should be delivered in conjunction with wider attempts to address inequalities in health.