The delay of shock breakout due to circumstellar material evident in most type II supernovae
The delay of shock breakout due to circumstellar material evident in most type II supernovae
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DOI：
10.1038/s41550-018-0563-4
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发表时间：
2018-09
期刊：
影响因子：
14.1
通讯作者：
F. Förster;F. Förster;T. Moriya;J. Maureira;Joseph P. Anderson;S. Blinnikov;F. Bufano;G. Cabrera-Vives;G. Cabrera-Vives;A. Clocchiatti;A. Clocchiatti;T. D. Jaeger;P. Estévez;P. Estévez;L. Galbany;S. González-Gaitán;S. González-Gaitán;G. Gräfener;M. Hamuy;M. Hamuy;E. Hsiao;P. Huentelemu;P. Huijse;P. Huijse;P. Huijse;H. Kuncarayakti;J. Martínez;J. Martínez;G. Medina;G. Pignata;G. Pignata;A. Razza;A. Razza;I. Reyes;I. Reyes;J. S. Martín;R. C. Smith;E. Vera;A. K. Vivas;A. D. U. Postigo;A. D. U. Postigo;Sung-Chul Yoon;Sung-Chul Yoon;C. Ashall;M. Fraser;A. Gal-yam;E. Kankare;L. Guillou;P. Mazzali;P. Mazzali;Nick Walton;D. Young
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文献类型：
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作者：
F. Förster;F. Förster;T. Moriya;J. Maureira;Joseph P. Anderson;S. Blinnikov;F. Bufano;G. Cabrera-Vives;G. Cabrera-Vives;A. Clocchiatti;A. Clocchiatti;T. D. Jaeger;P. Estévez;P. Estévez;L. Galbany;S. González-Gaitán;S. González-Gaitán;G. Gräfener;M. Hamuy;M. Hamuy;E. Hsiao;P. Huentelemu;P. Huijse;P. Huijse;P. Huijse;H. Kuncarayakti;J. Martínez;J. Martínez;G. Medina;G. Pignata;G. Pignata;A. Razza;A. Razza;I. Reyes;I. Reyes;J. S. Martín;R. C. Smith;E. Vera;A. K. Vivas;A. D. U. Postigo;A. D. U. Postigo;Sung-Chul Yoon;Sung-Chul Yoon;C. Ashall;M. Fraser;A. Gal-yam;E. Kankare;L. Guillou;P. Mazzali;P. Mazzali;Nick Walton;D. Young
II型超新星（SNe II）起源于富含氢的超巨星大质量恒星的爆炸。它们的第一个电磁特征是冲击爆发（SBO），这是一种短暂的现象，可以持续数小时到数天，具体取决于冲击出现时的密度。我们提出了26个上升的SN II的候选人发现爆炸后不久的高Cadence瞬态调查的光学光变曲线，并推导出物理参数的基础上使用贝叶斯方法的流体动力学模型。在26个SN II候选者中，我们观察到24个在几天内急剧上升，这表明在致密的星周物质中系统地检测到SBOs，与质量损失率> 10− 4 M yr− 1或致密大气相一致。这意味着恒星包层SBOs的特征小时时标签名可能是罕见的性质，并可能延迟到更长寿命的拱星材料SBOs在大多数SNe II。
Type II supernovae (SNe II) originate from the explosion of hydrogen-rich supergiant massive stars. Their first electromagnetic signature is the shock breakout (SBO), a short-lived phenomenon that can last for hours to days depending on the density at shock emergence. We present 26 rising optical light curves of SN II candidates discovered shortly after explosion by the High Cadence Transient Survey and derive physical parameters based on hydrodynamical models using a Bayesian approach. We observe a steep rise of a few days in 24 out of 26 SN II candidates, indicating the systematic detection of SBOs in a dense circumstellar matter consistent with a mass loss rate of> 10−4M⊙yr−1or a dense atmosphere. This implies that the characteristic hour-timescale signature of stellar envelope SBOs may be rare in nature and could be delayed into longer-lived circumstellar material SBOs in most SNe II.