Urine Is Not Sterile: Use of Enhanced Urine Culture Techniques To Detect Resident Bacterial Flora in the Adult Female Bladder
Urine Is Not Sterile: Use of Enhanced Urine Culture Techniques To Detect Resident Bacterial Flora in the Adult Female Bladder
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DOI：
10.1128/jcm.02876-13
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Schreckenberger, Paul C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hilt, Evann E.;McKinley, Kathleen;Schreckenberger, Paul C.
我们先前的研究表明，通过16S rRNA测序，可以在标准尿培养阴性的症状和无症状患者的尿液标本中鉴定细菌基因组。在本研究中，我们使用了一种改进的培养方法，包括培养更多的尿液，在不同的大气条件下培养，以及延长培养时间，以证明通过16S rRNA基因测序从尿液中鉴定出的许多微生物实际上可以使用扩展的定量尿液培养(EQUC)程序进行培养。对65例尿液标本(来自41例膀胱过度活动症患者和24例正常对照)进行了标准培养和EQUC培养。65份尿样中有52份(80%)使用EQUC培养细菌，而其中大多数(48/52[92%])在临床微生物学实验室使用标准尿液培养方案报告在103cfu/ml时没有细菌生长。EQUC共鉴定出35个不同属、85个不同种。最常见的属是乳杆菌(15%)，其次是棒状杆菌(14.2%)、链球菌(11.9%)、放线菌(6.9%)和葡萄球菌(6.9%)。其他常见的分离属包括气球菌属、加德纳氏菌属、双歧杆菌属和放线杆菌属。我们目前的研究表明，尿液中含有组成女性尿液微生物区系的活细菌群落。
Our previous study showed that bacterial genomes can be identified using 16S rRNA sequencing in urine specimens of both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients who are culture negative according to standard urine culture protocols. In the present study, we used a modified culture protocol that included plating larger volumes of urine, incubation under varied atmospheric conditions, and prolonged incubation times to demonstrate that many of the organisms identified in urine by 16S rRNA gene sequencing are, in fact, cultivable using an expanded quantitative urine culture (EQUC) protocol. Sixty-five urine specimens (from 41 patients with overactive bladder and 24 controls) were examined using both the standard and EQUC culture techniques. Fifty-two of the 65 urine samples (80%) grew bacterial species using EQUC, while the majority of these (48/52 [92%]) were reported as no growth at 103 CFU/ml by the clinical microbiology laboratory using the standard urine culture protocol. Thirty-five different genera and 85 different species were identified by EQUC. The most prevalent genera isolated were Lactobacillus (15%), followed by Corynebacterium (14.2%), Streptococcus (11.9%), Actinomyces (6.9%), and Staphylococcus (6.9%). Other genera commonly isolated include Aerococcus, Gardnerella, Bifidobacterium, and Actinobaculum. Our current study demonstrates that urine contains communities of living bacteria that comprise a resident female urine microbiota.