Standard artifact for the geometric verification of terrestrial laser scanning systems
Standard artifact for the geometric verification of terrestrial laser scanning systems
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DOI：
10.1016/j.optlastec.2011.03.018
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Arias, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gonzalez-Jorge, H.;Riveiro, B.;Arias, P.
地面激光扫描仪是大地测量仪器，可应用于建筑、土木工程或环境等领域。虽然从制造商那里获得系统的技术规格是很常见的，但市场上没有任何可供用户使用的数据验证解决方案。这项工作提出了一个标准的工件和方法来执行，在一个简单的方式，计量检定的激光scanners.The工件是使用铝和迭尔林，材料，使工件坚固和便携式制造。该系统由一组五个彼此等距的球体和一组七个不同大小的立方体组成。在受控的环境条件下，使用精度为亚毫米的坐标测量机进行校准。校准后的工件可用于验证激光扫描仪制造商提供的计量规格，工件的元件旨在测试不同的测量特性，如准确度、精度和分辨率。球体中心之间的距离用于获得精度数据，最大立方体顶面的标准偏差用于确定精度（可重复性），立方体测量误差提供X、Y和Z轴的分辨率值。评估方法主要由Matlab编程开发的最小二乘拟合算法支持，使用Riegl LMSZ-390 i地面激光扫描仪在三个不同的距离上测试了所提出的伪影和方法（10，30和50米）和四个步长（0.0020度，0.0050度，0.0100度和0.0200度），水平和垂直位移。所得结果与制造商给出的准确度和精密度数据一致，分别为6 mm和4 mm。另一方面，观察到分辨率和范围之间以及分辨率和步长之间的重要影响。例如，两个较小的立方体在任何情况下都不能被很好地检测到，并且正如必须预期的那样，范围和步长的增加导致对较大立方体的检测质量下降。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Terrestrial laser scanners are geodetic instruments with applications in areas such as architecture, civil engineering or environment. Although it is common to receive the technical specifications of the systems from their manufacturers, there are not any solutions for data verification in the market available for the users. This work proposes a standard artifact and a methodology to perform, in a simple way, the metrology verification of laser scanners.The artifact is manufactured using aluminium and delrin, materials that make the artifact robust and portable. The system consists of a set of five spheres situated at equal distances to one another, and a set of seven cubes of different sizes. A coordinate measuring machine with sub-millimetre precision is used for calibration purposes under controlled environmental conditions. After its calibration, the artifact can be used for the verification of metrology specifications given by manufacturers of laser scanners.The elements of the artifact are destinated to test different metrological characteristics, such as accuracy, precision and resolution. The distance between centres of the spheres is used to obtain the accuracy data, the standard deviation of the top face of the largest cube is used to establish the precision (repeatability) and the error in the measurement of the cubes provides the resolution value in axes X, Y and Z. Methodology for the evaluation is mainly supported by least squares fitting algorithms developed using Matlab programming.The artifact and methodology proposed were tested using a terrestrial laser scanner Riegl LMSZ-390i at three different ranges (10, 30 and 50 m) and four stepwidths (0.0020 degrees, 0.0050 degrees, 0.0100 degrees and 0.0200 degrees), both for horizontal and vertical displacements. Results obtained are in agreement with the accuracy and precision data given by the manufacturer, 6 and 4 mm, respectively. On the other hand, important influences between resolution and range and between resolution and stepwidth are observed. For example, the two smaller cubes cannot be well detected in any case and, as must be expected, the increase in range and stepwidth produces a decrease in the quality of the detection for the larger ones. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.