Recent Antarctic ice mass loss from radar interferometry and regional climate modelling
Recent Antarctic ice mass loss from radar interferometry and regional climate modelling
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DOI：
10.1038/ngeo102
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
18.3
通讯作者：
Van Meijgaard, Erik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rignot, Eric;Bamber, Jonathan L.;Van Meijgaard, Erik
南极洲目前和今后对海平面上升的影响仍然存在很大的不确定性。气候变暖可能会增加大陆内部的降雪量（1-3），但会增加海岸的冰川流量，因为温暖的空气和海洋温度会侵蚀支撑冰架（4-11）。在这里，我们使用卫星干涉合成孔径雷达观测1992年至2006年，覆盖85%的南极洲的海岸线，估计进入海洋的总质量通量。我们比较了1980年至2004年从区域大气气候模式计算的大流域单位与内部积雪的质量通量。在南极洲东部，威尔克斯地的冰川损失和费尔奇纳和罗斯冰架口的冰川增加加起来联合收割机几乎为零，损失量为4 +/- 61 Gt yr（-1）。在南极洲西部，沿着别林斯高晋海和阿蒙森海的大范围损失使冰盖损失在10年内增加了59%，在2006年达到132 +/- 60 Gt yr（-1）。在半岛，2006年的损失增加了140%，达到60 +/- 46 Gt yr（-1）。损失主要集中在流出冰川占据的沿着狭窄河道上，是由持续和过去的冰川加速造成的。因此，冰川流动的变化对冰盖质量平衡产生了重大的影响，如果不是主导性的影响的话。
Large uncertainties remain in the current and future contribution to sea level rise from Antarctica. Climate warming may increase snowfall in the continent's interior(1-3), but enhance glacier discharge at the coast where warmer air and ocean temperatures erode the buttressing ice shelves(4-11). Here, we use satellite interferometric synthetic-aperture radar observations from 1992 to 2006 covering 85% of Antarctica's coastline to estimate the total mass flux into the ocean. We compare the mass fluxes from large drainage basin units with interior snow accumulation calculated from a regional atmospheric climate model for 1980 to 2004. In East Antarctica, small glacier losses in Wilkes Land and glacier gains at the mouths of the Filchner and Ross ice shelves combine to a near-zero loss of 4 +/- 61 Gt yr(-1). In West Antarctica, widespread losses along the Bellingshausen and Amundsen seas increased the ice sheet loss by 59% in 10 years to reach 132 +/- 60 Gt yr(-1) in 2006. In the Peninsula, losses increased by 140% to reach 60 +/- 46 Gt yr(-1) in 2006. Losses are concentrated along narrow channels occupied by outlet glaciers and are caused by ongoing and past glacier acceleration. Changes in glacier flow therefore have a significant, if not dominant impact on ice sheet mass balance.