Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia complex: Role of cells of monocyte-macrophage lineage
Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia complex: Role of cells of monocyte-macrophage lineage
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DOI：
10.1080/13550280500513416
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Perno, Carlo Federico
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aquaro, Stefano;Ronga, Luigi;Perno, Carlo Federico
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）进入中枢神经系统（CNS）导致在脑中建立终身病毒储库和具有AIDS痴呆综合征（ADC）临床表现的神经功能障碍症状。ADC患者的神经功能障碍仍然是一个尚未解决的问题。然而，ADC的发病机制可能是一个多步骤的过程，始于HIV通过穿过血脑屏障（BBB）侵入CNS。它通过发展慢性炎症状态而进展，慢性炎症状态可导致神经元和星形胶质细胞功能障碍，从而导致凋亡性死亡。单核-巨噬细胞（M/M）可能通过掩盖HIV跨血脑屏障的转移而发挥重要作用。此外，HIV感染者可产生和释放神经毒性因子。本文就ADC的发病机制和发展过程中的主要介质和细胞作一综述。更好地了解参与这一过程的机制可能有助于成功治疗HIV感染的神经发病机制。
The entry of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) into the central nervous system (CNS) causes both the establishment of a lifelong viral reservoir in the brain and symptoms of neurological dysfunction that have an AIDS dementia complex (ADC) clinical appearance. Neurological dysfunction in ADC patients still remains an unresolved problem. However, ADC pathogenesis may,be a multistep process that starts with HIV invasion of CNS by crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It progresses by developing a chronic inflammatory status that can cause dysfunction in neurons and astrocytes that result in apoptotic death. Monocytes-macrophages (M/M) may play an important role by concealing the HIV transfer across the BBB. Furthermore, HIV-infected could produce and release neurotoxic factors. In this review the main mediators and cells involved in pathogenesis and development of ADC are highlighted. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in this process may help in a successful therapeutic approach to the neuropathogenesis of HIV infection.