Four-dimensional Flow MRI: Principles and Cardiovascular Applications
Four-dimensional Flow MRI: Principles and Cardiovascular Applications
复制标题
四维流动磁共振成像：原理和心血管应用
DOI：
10.1148/rg.2019180091
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Zins, Marc
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Azarine, Arshid;Garcon, Philippe;Zins, Marc
平面内相衬 (PC) 成像现已成为心脏和大血管区域血流 MRI 的常规组成部分。平面 PC MRI 提供体积、各向同性、时间分辨电影序列，可实现三向速度编码，这种技术称为四维 (4D) 流 MRI。 4D 流式 MRI 的最新进展缩短了成像时间，而大数据处理的进步改进了数据集的预处理和后处理，从而提高了 4D 流式 MRI 在临床实践中的可行性。重要的技术问题包括在采集和预处理原始数据以进行相位偏移校正之前选择最佳速度编码灵敏度。四维血流 MRI 提供了前所未有的功能，可以使用流线和速度矢量等新的可视化工具对复杂的血流模式进行综合分析。回顾性多平面导航能够以良好的精度对穿过体积的任何平面进行灵活的回顾性流量量化。当前流量参数包括正向流量、反向流量、回流分数和峰值速度。四维流 MRI 还提供用于研究的高级流参数，例如壁剪切应力。新应用的蓬勃发展表明 4D 流磁共振成像正在成为心血管疾病的重要成像方式。本文回顾了4D流磁共振的主要技术问题及其提供的不同参数，并介绍了其在心血管疾病中的主要应用，包括先天性心脏病、心脏瓣膜病、主动脉疾病和肺动脉高压。 (C) 北美放射学会，2019
In-plane phase-contrast (PC) imaging is now a routine component of MRI of regional blood flow in the heart and great vessels. Inplane PC MRI provides a volumetric, isotropic, time-resolved cine sequence that enables three-directional velocity encoding, a technique known as four-dimensional (4D) flow MRI. Recent advances in 4D flow MRI have shortened imaging times, while progress in big-data processing has improved dataset pre-and postprocessing, thereby increasing the feasibility of 4D flow MRI in clinical practice. Important technical issues include selection of the optimal velocity-encoding sensitivity before acquisition and preprocessing of the raw data for phase-offset corrections. Four-dimensional flow MRI provides unprecedented capabilities for comprehensive analysis of complex blood flow patterns using new visualization tools such as streamlines and velocity vectors. Retrospective multiplanar navigation enables flexible retrospective flow quantification through any plane across the volume with good accuracy. Current flow parameters include forward flow, reverse flow, regurgitation fraction, and peak velocity. Four-dimensional flow MRI also supplies advanced flow parameters of use for research, such as wall shear stress. The vigorous burgeoning of new applications indicates that 4D flow MRI is becoming an important imaging modality for cardiovascular disorders. This article reviews the main technical issues of 4D flow MRI and the different parameters provided by it and describes the main applications in cardiovascular diseases, including congenital heart disease, cardiac valvular disease, aortic disease, and pulmonary hypertension. (C) RSNA, 2019