Prescription opioid misuse among middle-aged and older adults in the United States, 2015-2016
Prescription opioid misuse among middle-aged and older adults in the United States, 2015-2016
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.02.018
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Palamar, Joseph J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Han, Benjamin H.;Sherman, Scott E.;Palamar, Joseph J.
>= 50岁的成年人处方阿片类药物使用率较高。本研究的目的是估计美国使用处方阿片类药物的中年和老年人中处方阿片类药物滥用的患病率和相关性。检查了来自全国药物使用和健康调查的两个最近队列（2015年和2016年）的年龄>= 50岁的成年人的数据（N = 17，608）。过去一年处方阿片类药物滥用者的特征，包括人口统计学，物质使用，抑郁症，慢性病和急诊科（艾德）使用，与过去一年使用处方阿片类药物的成年人和非使用者进行了比较。我们使用多变量逻辑回归来确定使用处方阿片类药物的成人中处方阿片类药物滥用的相关性。在整个样本中，61.4%的人报告过去一年没有处方阿片类药物使用，36.0%的人报告过去一年没有滥用处方阿片类药物，2.5%的人报告过去一年处方阿片类药物滥用。在过去一年的处方阿片类药物使用者中，6.6%报告了滥用。男性、50-64岁的成年人、处方镇静剂、兴奋剂和安定剂滥用者、其他物质使用者（即，烟草，大麻，可卡因），以及那些酒精使用障碍。在患有2种或2种以上慢性疾病的成年人中，过去一年的滥用率较低。过去一年处方滥用镇静剂（AOR 4.08 [95% CI 2.05-8.12]）、兴奋剂（AOR 3.88 [95% CI 2.00-7.53]）和镇静剂（AOR 10.02 [95% CI 6.48-15.50]）均与过去一年阿片类药物滥用相关。本研究中确定的阿片类药物滥用者的特征-特别是其他物质的滥用-可能有助于确定有处方阿片类药物滥用风险的中年和老年人。
Adults >= 50 years of age have high rates of prescription opioid use. The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence and correlates of prescription opioid misuse among middle-aged and older adults in the United States who use prescription opioids. Data from adults age >= 50 from the two most recent cohorts (2015 and 2016) of the National Survey of Drug Use and Health were examined (N = 17,608). Characteristics of past-year prescription opioid misusers, including demographics, substance use, depression, chronic disease, and emergency department (ED) use, were compared to adults who used prescription opioids as prescribed in the past year and non-users. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine correlates of prescription opioid misuse among adults who used prescription opioids. Among the entire sample, 61.4% reported no past-year prescription opioid use, 36.0% reported past-year prescription opioid use without misuse, and 2.5% reported past-year prescription opioid misuse. Among past-year prescription opioid users, 6.6% reported misuse. Past-year misuse was higher among males, adults age 50-64, misusers of prescription sedatives, stimulants, and tranquilizers, users of other substances (i.e., tobacco, marijuana, cocaine), and those with alcohol use disorder. Past-year misuse was lower among adults with 2 or more chronic diseases. Past-year prescription misuse of sedatives (AOR 4.08 [95% CI 2.05-8.12]), stimulants (AOR 3.88 [95% CI 2.00-7.53]), and tranquilizers (AOR 10.02 [95% CI 6.48-15.50]) were all associated with past-year opioid misuse. Characteristics of opioid misusers determined in this study-particularly misuse of other substances-may help determine middle-aged and older adults at risk for prescription opioid misuse.