Biochemistry of the bacterial catabolism of aromatic compounds in anaerobic environments
Biochemistry of the bacterial catabolism of aromatic compounds in anaerobic environments
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作者：
W. Evans
生物圈中芳香族化合物的需氧降解方法已广为人知，但直到最近才表明一些细菌如何在没有分子氧的情况下也能降解这些底物。这是通过光代谢（Athiorhodaceae）、硝酸盐呼吸（假单胞菌和莫拉菌属）和产甲烷发酵（联合体）发生的，其中苯核首先被还原，然后通过水解裂解，产生用于细胞生长的脂肪酸。微生物群落可以使用这些方法来分解人造污染物。
Methods of aerobic degradation of aromatic compounds in the biosphere are well understood, but it is only relatively recently that it has been shown how some bacteria can also degrade these substrates in the absence of molecular oxygen. This occurs by photometabolism (Athiorhodaceae), nitrate respiration (Pseudomonas and Moraxella sp.) and methanogenic fermentation (a consortium) in which the benzene nucleus is first reduced and then cleaved by hydrolysis to yield aliphatic acids for cell growth. These methods may be used by microbial communities to catabolise man-made pollutants.