Modified-Live Feline Calicivirus Vaccination Reduces Viral RNA Loads, Duration of RNAemia, and the Severity of Clinical Signs after Heterologous Feline Calicivirus Challenge.
Modified-Live Feline Calicivirus Vaccination Reduces Viral RNA Loads, Duration of RNAemia, and the Severity of Clinical Signs after Heterologous Feline Calicivirus Challenge.
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DOI：
10.3390/v13081505
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发表时间：
2021-07-30
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hofmann-Lehmann R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Spiri AM;Riond B;Stirn M;Novacco M;Meli ML;Boretti FS;Herbert I;Hosie MJ;Hofmann-Lehmann R
猫杯状病毒（FCV）是一种常见的猫病毒，可引起临床症状，如口腔溃疡、发烧、全身不适、肺炎、跛行，偶尔还会引起毒性全身性疾病。有效的FCV疫苗可以预防严重疾病，但不能预防感染。FCV是一种高度诱变的RNA病毒，其高度的遗传多样性给疫苗设计带来了挑战。几十年来仅使用一种改良活的FCV毒株可能推动了病毒向更具疫苗抗性的变异进化。本研究调查了SPF猫在皮下改性活株FCV疫苗接种或安慰剂注射后的临床症状、持续时间、FCV脱落量、RNAemia、血液学变化和急性期蛋白反应，以及随后两种不同野外菌株的口鼻异源FCV攻击感染。接种疫苗后未检测到临床症状、口咽部FCV脱落和FCV rnai血症。在第一次实验感染后，接种疫苗的猫的临床评分明显低于对照组猫，体温升高幅度较小，急性期蛋白水平也较低。在接种疫苗的动物中，口咽部的病毒RNA载量以及RNAemia的持续时间和数量显著降低。在第二次实验感染后，没有观察到任何猫的临床症状。综上所述，FCV疫苗接种有助于保护猫免受严重的临床症状，减少FCV攻击后的病毒载量和炎症。
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a common cat virus causing clinical signs such as oral ulcerations, fever, reduced general condition, pneumonia, limping and occasionally virulent-systemic disease. Efficacious FCV vaccines protect against severe disease but not against infection. FCV is a highly mutagenic RNA virus whose high genetic diversity poses a challenge in vaccine design. The use of only one modified-live FCV strain over several decades might have driven the viral evolution towards more vaccine-resistant variants. The present study investigated the clinical signs, duration, and amount of FCV shedding, RNAemia, haematological changes and acute phase protein reaction in SPF cats after subcutaneous modified-live single strain FCV vaccination or placebo injection and two subsequent oronasal heterologous FCV challenge infections with two different field strains. Neither clinical signs nor FCV shedding from the oropharynx and FCV RNAemia were detected after vaccination. After the first experimental infection, vaccinated cats had significantly lower clinical scores, less increased body temperature and lower acute phase protein levels than control cats. The viral RNA loads from the oropharynx and duration and amount of RNAemia were significantly lower in the vaccinated animals. No clinical signs were observed in any of the cats after the second experimental infection. In conclusion, FCV vaccination was beneficial for protecting cats from severe clinical signs, reducing viral loads and inflammation after FCV challenge.