Artificial cell synthesis using biocatalytic polymerization-induced self-assembly
Artificial cell synthesis using biocatalytic polymerization-induced self-assembly
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/s41557-023-01391-y
复制
发表时间：
2023-12-04
期刊：
影响因子：
21.8
通讯作者：
Bruns，Nico
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belluati，Andrea;Jimaja，Setuhn;Bruns，Nico
人工细胞是模拟天然细胞功能的仿生微结构，可用作分子系统工程的构建模块，并可作为合成生物学途径的宿主。在这里，我们报告酶促合成的聚合物为基础的人工细胞的能力，表达蛋白质。利用生物催化原子转移自由基聚合诱导的自组装合成人工细胞，肌红蛋白合成两亲性嵌段共聚物，自组装成胶束、蠕虫状胶束、聚合物囊泡和巨单层囊泡等结构。GUV在聚合期间包封货物，包括酶、纳米颗粒、微粒、质粒和细胞裂解物。由此产生的人工细胞充当酶反应和成骨细胞激发的生物矿化的微反应器。此外，当喂食氨基酸时，它们可以表达蛋白质，如荧光蛋白和肌动蛋白。肌动蛋白在囊泡中聚合，并通过创建内部隔间来改变人工细胞的内部结构。因此，生物催化原子转移自由基聚合诱导的自组装衍生的GUV可以模拟细菌，因为它们由含有诱导后蛋白质表达的遗传信息的微观反应区室组成。
Artificial cells are biomimetic microstructures that mimic functions of natural cells, can be applied as building blocks for molecular systems engineering, and host synthetic biology pathways. Here we report enzymatically synthesized polymer-based artificial cells with the ability to express proteins. Artificial cells were synthesized using biocatalytic atom transfer radical polymerization-induced self-assembly, in which myoglobin synthesizes amphiphilic block co-polymers that self-assemble into structures such as micelles, worm-like micelles, polymersomes and giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs). The GUVs encapsulate cargo during the polymerization, including enzymes, nanoparticles, microparticles, plasmids and cell lysate. The resulting artificial cells act as microreactors for enzymatic reactions and for osteoblast-inspired biomineralization. Moreover, they can express proteins such as a fluorescent protein and actin when fed with amino acids. Actin polymerizes in the vesicles and alters the artificial cells’ internal structure by creating internal compartments. Thus, biocatalytic atom transfer radical polymerization-induced self-assembly-derived GUVs can mimic bacteria as they are composed of a microscopic reaction compartment that contains genetic information for protein expression upon induction.