Numerical simulations of block-and-ash flows using the Titan2D flow model: examples from the 2006 eruption of Merapi Volcano, Java, Indonesia
Numerical simulations of block-and-ash flows using the Titan2D flow model: examples from the 2006 eruption of Merapi Volcano, Java, Indonesia
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DOI：
10.1007/s00445-009-0299-1
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Gertisser, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Charbonnier, S. J.;Gertisser, R.
我们对 2006 年默拉皮火山（印度尼西亚爪哇）喷发的两次特征明确的块状火山灰流 (BAF) 事件进行了 Titan2D 模拟，该事件影响了火山南侧的 Gendol 山谷和邻近人口稠密的河间（非山谷）区域：(1) 南部的单个穹顶塌陷事件，产生了 6 月 14 日之后较小的火山灰流之一；(2) 持续的多发火山灰流穹顶塌陷事件也指向南方，在 6 月 14 日下午发生的 2006 年喷发中产生了最大的流量。利用空间变化的床摩擦角，Titan2D 能够在高度复杂的地形上再现这些流量的路径、速度、跳动距离、覆盖面积和沉积量。该模型结果为估计与相对较短和较长的穹顶塌陷期间产生的 BAF 相关的危害区域和水平提供了基础，并为默拉皮未来喷发危机提供了指导。
We present Titan2D simulations of two well-characterized block-and-ash flow (BAF) events of the 2006 eruption of Merapi (Java, Indonesia) that affected the Gendol valley on the volcano's southern flank and adjacent, densely populated interfluve (non-valley) areas: (1) a single dome-collapse event to the south that generated one of the smaller, post-June 14 flows and (2) a sustained, multiple dome-collapse event, also directed to the south, that produced the largest flows of the 2006 eruption emplaced in the afternoon of June 14. Using spatially varying bed friction angles, Titan2D is capable of reproducing the paths, velocities, runout distance, areas covered and deposited volumes of these flows over highly complex topography. The model results provide the basis for estimating the areas and levels of hazards associated with BAFs generated during relatively short as well as prolonged dome-collapse periods and guidance during future eruptive crises at Merapi.