A three-dimensional finite element model of the cervical spine with spinal cord: An investigation of three injury mechanisms
A three-dimensional finite element model of the cervical spine with spinal cord: An investigation of three injury mechanisms
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DOI：
10.1007/s10439-008-9440-0
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Oxland, Thomas R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Greaves, Carolyn Y.;Gadala, Mohamed S.;Oxland, Thomas R.
脊髓可通过各种脊柱损伤模式（例如，爆裂性骨折、骨折脱位）;然而，柱损伤模式和脊髓损伤之间的关系还不清楚。开发了一个人体颈椎和脊髓节段的三维有限元模型，使用已发表的实验数据进行了验证，并用于研究各种柱损伤模式期间脊髓应变分布的差异。对于横向挫伤，如爆裂性骨折，33%的椎管闭塞导致压头和相对椎体之间的两个应变峰值和中间峰值应变值。对于牵张损伤，与脊柱扭曲损伤相关，脊髓2.6 mm的轴向位移导致整个脊髓的应变更均匀，峰值应变值较低。对于脱位损伤，与骨折脱位中发生的情况一样，C5的前向位移相当于椎体矢状尺寸的30%，导致邻近剪切椎骨的高峰应变值，并且与挫伤相比，侧柱的应变增加。与以前的研究相比，该模型包括更多的解剖细节，并为脊髓损伤的力学比较提供了基线。
The spinal cord may be injured through various spinal column injury patterns (e.g., burst fracture, fracture dislocation); however, the relationship between column injury pattern and cord damage is not well understood. A three-dimensional finite element model of a human cervical spine and spinal cord segment was developed, verified using published experimental data, and used to investigate differences in cord strain distributions during various column injury patterns. For a transverse contusion injury, as would occur in a burst fracture, a 33% canal occlusion resulted in two peaks of strain between the indentor and opposing vertebral body and intermediate peak strain values. For a distraction injury, relevant to column distortion injuries, a 2.6 mm axial displacement to the cord resulted in more uniform strains throughout the cord and low peak strain values. For a dislocation injury, as would occur in a fracture dislocation, an anterior displacement of C5 corresponding to 30% of the sagittal dimension of the vertebral body resulted in high peak strain values adjacent to the shearing vertebrae and increased strains in the lateral columns compared to contusion. This model includes more anatomical details compared to previous studies and provides a baseline for mechanical comparisons in spinal cord injury.