tRNA-derived small RNAs: New players in genome protection against retrotransposons
tRNA-derived small RNAs: New players in genome protection against retrotransposons
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DOI：
10.1080/15476286.2017.1403000
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Martinez, German
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Martinez, German
tRNA 衍生的小 RNA 以前被认为只是随机降解产物，但最近已被证实与一系列功能相关，其中令人惊讶的是，其中包括针对反转录转座子的基因组保护。长期以来，人们都知道 tRNA 作为逆转录的引物参与逆转录病毒、副逆转录病毒和逆转录转座子的复制周期。 tRNA 衍生的小 RNA，作为功能性小 RNA 或仅作为 tRNA 降解产物，已成为基因转录调控的重要参与者。然而，源自 tRNA 转录本的功能性 sRNA 在转座子转录后控制中的参与是一个迄今为止仍难以捉摸的调控层。在这里，我回顾了该领域将 tRNA 衍生的小 RNA 与逆转录转座子控制联系起来的最新发现。
Previously believed to be mere random degradation products, tRNA-derived small RNAs have been lately connected to a series of functions that include, surprisingly, genome protection against retrotransposons. tRNAs have been known for a long time to be involved in the replication cycle of retroviruses, pararetroviruses and retrotransposons as primers of their reverse transcription. tRNA-derived small RNAs, as functional small RNAs or as mere tRNA degradation products, have emerged as important players in the regulation of genic transcription. Nevertheless, the involvement of functional sRNAs derived from tRNA transcripts in transposon posttranscriptional control is a regulatory layer that remained elusive until now. Here I review the recent discoveries in the field that connect tRNA-derived small RNAs and retrotransposon control.