CHEMICAL LOSS OF OZONE IN THE ARCTIC POLAR VORTEX IN THE WINTER OF 1991-1992
CHEMICAL LOSS OF OZONE IN THE ARCTIC POLAR VORTEX IN THE WINTER OF 1991-1992
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DOI：
10.1126/science.261.5125.1146
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发表时间：
1993-08-27
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
ANDERSON, JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SALAWITCH, RJ;WOFSY, SC;ANDERSON, JG
利用气象示踪剂对一氧化氯、一氧化溴和臭氧的现场测量值进行全球外推，以推断1991-1992年冬季北极平流层空中考察II（AASE II）期间北极平流层下部臭氧的损失率。分析表明，由于一氧化氯和一氧化溴的浓度升高，环境臭氧的去除率为15%至20%。AASE II期间的观测确定了一氧化氯与二氧化氮（由硝酸光解产生）反应和产生盐酸的去除率。随着一氧化氯浓度的下降，臭氧损失在3月份停止。 如果像目前在南极观察到的那样，通过不可逆地去除氮氧化物（反硝化作用）来抑制二氧化氮的再生，或者如果无机氯浓度增加一倍而没有反硝化作用，臭氧损失可能接近50%。
In situ measurements of chlorine monoxide, bromine monoxide, and ozone are extrapolated globally, with the use of meteorological tracers, to infer the loss rates for ozone in the Arctic lower stratosphere during the Airborne Arctic Stratospheric Expedition II (AASE II) in the winter of 1991-1992. The analysis indicates removal of 15 to 20 percent of ambient ozone because of elevated concentrations of chlorine monoxide and bromine monoxide. Observations during AASE II define rates of removal of chlorine monoxide attributable to reaction with nitrogen dioxide (produced by photolysis of nitric acid) and to production of hydrochloric acid. Ozone loss ceased in March as concentrations of chlorine monoxide declined. Ozone losses could approach 50 percent if regeneration of nitrogen dioxide were inhibited by irreversible removal of nitrogen oxides (denitrification), as presently observed in the Antarctic, or without denitrification if inorganic chlorine concentrations were to double.