Phylogenetic relationships and evolution of the KNOTTED class of plant homeodomain proteins
Phylogenetic relationships and evolution of the KNOTTED class of plant homeodomain proteins
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DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026136
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发表时间：
1999-04-01
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Sinha, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bharathan, G;Janssen, BJ;Sinha, N
KNOX蛋白是被子植物和其他绿色植物发育过程中参与模式形成的一组同源结构域蛋白，我们对所有已知的KNOX蛋白的核苷酸和氨基酸序列进行了系统发育分析，以考察它们的进化。我们的分析揭示了两组诺克斯蛋白，I类和II类。双子叶和单子叶序列都存在于这两类中，表明蛋白质类出现在单子叶植物起源之前。一个针叶树(云杉)序列嵌套在I类中，这表明在该针叶树和其他针叶树中可能存在诺克斯基因的其他副本。一些草类基因(包括Zen Kn1、ZMKN1)的同源关系得到了系统发育和同源关系分析的有力支持。然而，没有令人信服的证据支持先前提出的针对几个双叶基因和ZMKN1的正交学假说。对表达模式的分析表明，祖先的NOX基因在植物的所有部位都有表达，在根和叶中下调的倾向在I类基因中进化。
Knotted-like (KNOX) proteins constitute a group of homeodomain proteins involved in pattern formation in developing tissues of angiosperms and other green plants, We conducted phylogenetic analyses of nucleotide and amino acid sequences of all known KNOX proteins in order to examine their evolution. Our analyses reveal two groups of KNOX proteins, classes I and II. Dicot and monocot sequences occur in both classes, indicating that the protein classes arose prior to the origin of the monocots. A conifer (Picea) sequence is nested within class I, suggesting that there are likely to be other copies of KNOX genes in this and other conifers. The orthology of several grass genes (including Zen Kn1, ZMKN1) is strongly supported by phylogenetic and synteny analyses. However, no compelling evidence supports the hypothesis of orthology previously proposed for several dicot genes and ZMKN1. Analysis of expression patterns suggests that the ancestral KNOX gene was expressed in all plant parts and that the propensity to be downregulated in roots and leaves evolved in the class I genes.