Microbial production and consumption of hydrocarbons in the global ocean
Microbial production and consumption of hydrocarbons in the global ocean
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DOI：
10.1038/s41564-020-00859-8
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
影响因子：
28.3
通讯作者：
Valentine, David L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Love, Connor R.;Arrington, Eleanor C.;Valentine, David L.
渗漏、泄漏和其他石油污染将碳氢化合物引入海洋。海洋蓝藻也从脂肪酸中产生碳氢化合物，但对这种蓝藻碳氢化合物循环的大小和周转率知之甚少。我们报告说，蓝藻在贫营养环流主要产生正十五烷和微生物的碳氢化合物的生产表现出分层和昼夜循环在阳光照射的表面海洋。利用化学和同位素示踪发现十五烷的产生主要发生在透光层下部。使用多方面的方法，我们估计，蓝藻产生的十五烷的全球通量超过海洋中石油输入总量的100至500倍。我们表明，快速十五烷消费维持人口的十五烷降解细菌，可能是古细菌。我们的研究结果描述了开阔海洋中微生物碳氢化合物循环的特征，使石油输入相形见绌。我们假设，蓝藻碳氢化合物的生产选择性地启动海洋的微生物与长链烷烃，而其他石油烃的降解是由因素，包括接近石油渗漏控制。
Seeps, spills and other oil pollution introduce hydrocarbons into the ocean. Marine cyanobacteria also produce hydrocarbons from fatty acids, but little is known about the size and turnover of this cyanobacterial hydrocarbon cycle. We report that cyanobacteria in an oligotrophic gyre mainly produce n-pentadecane and that microbial hydrocarbon production exhibits stratification and diel cycling in the sunlit surface ocean. Using chemical and isotopic tracing we find that pentadecane production mainly occurs in the lower euphotic zone. Using a multifaceted approach, we estimate that the global flux of cyanobacteria-produced pentadecane exceeds total oil input in the ocean by 100- to 500-fold. We show that rapid pentadecane consumption sustains a population of pentadecane-degrading bacteria, and possibly archaea. Our findings characterize a microbial hydrocarbon cycle in the open ocean that dwarfs oil input. We hypothesize that cyanobacterial hydrocarbon production selectively primes the ocean's microbiome with long-chain alkanes whereas degradation of other petroleum hydrocarbons is controlled by factors including proximity to petroleum seepage.