PREY SELECTION BY THE GREATER HORSESHOE BAT (RHINOLOPHUS-FERRUMEQUINUM) - OPTIMAL FORAGING BY ECHOLOCATION
PREY SELECTION BY THE GREATER HORSESHOE BAT (RHINOLOPHUS-FERRUMEQUINUM) - OPTIMAL FORAGING BY ECHOLOCATION
复制标题
DOI：
10.2307/4882
复制
发表时间：
1990-06-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
JONES, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
JONES, G
通过一个繁殖季节，从喂食点的粪便和猎物遗骸中分析了蝙蝠铁菊头蝠的饮食。光陷阱测量猎物的可用性。以往的研究表明，机会性摄食，但蝗虫使用回声定位，可以解释昆虫翅拍的特点，以选择昆虫类型（例如，根据类群，大小）。R. ferrumequinum选择性地肢解栖息的大型猎物，减少能量消耗。食物组成以鳞翅目（40.61%）和鞘翅目（33.24%）为主。蜻蜓目和双翅目。蝙蝠的声音搜索场或选择可能会产生比预期更多的大项目。5 - 6月，黄鳃金龟的雄虫数量多于雌虫。饮食是最多样化的春季和秋季，当首选的猎物项目（蛾）是稀缺的，并在怀孕后期，当蛾构成的饮食最不寻常。R.铁甲喹啉符合对环境敏感的捕食者的最佳觅食模型：根据猎物大小进行选择，并拒绝无利可图的猎物。（双翅目和姬蜂科），但当更有利可图的猎物（蛾）稀缺是显而易见的。R.铁甲喹肯定不会伺机觅食。
The diet of the bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum was analyzed from faeces and prey remains from feeding sites through one breeding season. Light traps measured prey availability. Previous studies have indicated opportunistic feeding, but rhinolophids use echolocation which may interpret insect wingbeat characteristics to select insect types (e.g. according to taxa, size). R. ferrumequinum selectively dismembered large prey at perches, reducing energy costs. The diet varied over the season and consisted mainly of Lepidoptera (40.61% by volume) and Coleoptera (33.24%). Hymenoptera and Diptera were taken. More large items than expected by chance could result from the bats'' acoustic search fields, or from selection. More males than females of the cockchafer Melolontha melolontha were eaten in in May-June. The diet was most diverse in spring and autumn, when preferred prey items (moths) were scarce, and narrowest during late pregnancy, when moths constituted most of the diet. R. ferrumequinum conforms to optimal foraging models for predators sensitive to the environment: selection for prey size, and rejection of unprofitable prey. (Diptera and ichneumonids) except when more profitable prey (moths) were scarce was apparent. R. ferrumequinum certainly does not forage opportunistically.