Road Pricing: Policy and Options for the Future
Road Pricing: Policy and Options for the Future
复制标题
道路定价：未来的政策和选择
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-011-0980-2_12
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
G. Lindberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Lindberg
简单的公路收费机制已经使用了几个世纪;摆渡人把旅客和他们的马带到河上得到报酬，乡下男孩打开大门得到一小笔费用。在许多国家，收费公路和收费站仍然是迫使道路使用者根据其使用水平支付道路费用的手段。即使是最常见的每年征收车辆税和燃油消费税的制度，也可以被视为一种道路收费。关于各种形式的道路收费的讨论并不新鲜，但由于福利国家在为新的基础设施提供资金方面遇到了问题，日益严重的拥堵和环境破坏也被提上了政治议程，因此这一讨论正在复兴。
Simple road pricing mechanisms have been used for centuries; the ferryman was paid for taking travellers and their horses over the river and the country boy was paid a small fee for opening the gate. In many countries turnpikes and toll bars remain as means of forcing road users to contribute to the costs of roads according to their level of use. Even the most common system with a yearly vehicle tax and a fuel excise duty can be seen as a kind of road pricing. The discussion about road pricing in all its forms is not new but it is experiencing a renaissance now that the welfare state is having problems financing new infrastructure and increasing congestion and environmental damage are on the political agenda.