The politics of dispossession and compensation in the eastern Indian coal belt.
The politics of dispossession and compensation in the eastern Indian coal belt.
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DOI：
10.1177/0308275x221074831
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Noy I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Noy I
在大型资本项目剥夺土地的地点进行的人种学研究揭示了当地对这一进程的政治反应的多样性，从激烈的抵制到顺从。在这种背景下，理论上的挑战是追踪影响这种政治的特殊因素，以及对剥夺的不同反应所展开的条件。本文试图通过对印度恰尔肯德邦贾坎德一个露天煤矿附近的阿迪瓦西（部落）村庄的实地考察，为这一调查做出贡献。它说明，在一个主要是不稳定的劳动环境中，正式就业的可能性，作为补偿被征用的土地，以及这种就业的方式，使阶级流动性，可以发挥突出的作用，在塑造当地的政治动态剥夺。分析表明，在所研究的社区中，对剥夺的补偿性工作如何引起新的阶级分化和政治关系的变化，这些变化抑制了抵抗的潜力-正是在反对剥夺的背景下，否则可能会被认为更有可能出现。
Ethnographic studies in sites of land dispossession for large capital projects have revealed the diversity of local political responses to this process, from fierce resistance to compliance. The theoretical challenge, in this context, is to trace the particular factors that affect this politics, and the conditions under which different reactions to dispossession unfold. Drawing on fieldwork in an Adivasi (tribal) village adjacent to an opencast coal mine in Jharkhand, India, this article seeks to contribute to this inquiry. It illustrates how, in a predominantly precarious labour environment, the possibility of formal employment as compensation for expropriated land, and the ways in which such employment enables class mobility, can play a salient role in shaping local political dynamics around dispossession. The analysis shows how, in the community studied, compensatory jobs for dispossession gave rise to new class differentiation and shifts in political relations that have acted to curb potentialities of resistance – precisely in a context in which opposition to dispossession could have otherwise been considered likelier to emerge.