BATS AND GAPS - MICROCHIROPTERAN COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN A QUEENSLAND RAIN-FOREST
BATS AND GAPS - MICROCHIROPTERAN COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN A QUEENSLAND RAIN-FOREST
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DOI：
10.2307/1941173
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发表时间：
1988-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
RICHARDS, GC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CROME, FHJ;RICHARDS, GC
我们研究了高原雨林食虫蝙蝠群落如何区别利用封闭的树冠区和选择性采伐产生的人工间隙。利用超声波探测设备对树冠和林隙成对地点的蝙蝠觅食活动进行监测。这些数据支持了林隙利用与形态有关的预测，并且蝙蝠物种可分为闭合林隙专家、林隙专家和林隙整合者。封闭冠层专科物种的长径比和翼载荷较低，而间隙专科物种的长径比和翼载荷值较高。同时利用冠层面积和林隙的林隙合并在形态上是中等的。封闭冠层物种被认为更容易在杂乱的环境中觅食。在这个群落中没有严格的间隙专家，但在其他更开放的栖息地中也记录了间隙专家。群落由两个不同的亚群落组成：封闭林冠区有4种，林隙区有5种。另外3种为合并菌，但合并率很低；只有8%的林隙和27%的封闭林冠区活动是由这些物种引起的。林隙利用模式与林隙植被覆盖度和林隙年龄之间不存在相关性，表明林隙专家被排除在更新林隙之外是一个缓慢的过程。两个亚群落存在紧密的物候充填，表明植被结构比竞争对群落结构的制约更为重要。
We examined how a community of insectivorous bats in upland rain forest differentially used closed canopy areas and artificial gaps produced by selective logging. Bat foraging activity was monitored at paired canopy and gap sites using ultrasonic detection equipment. The data supported the prediction that gap use was related to morphology and bat species were classifiable as closed canopy specialists, gap specialists, and gap incorporators. Closed canopy specialists were species with low aspect ratio and wing loading, whereas gap specialists had high values for these two measures. Gap incorporations, which used both canopy areas and gaps, were intermediate in morphology. The closed canopy species were presumed to forage more readily in a cluttered environment. In this community there were no strict gap specialists, but instead the gap specialists were also recorded in other, more open habitats. The community consisted of two distinct subcommunities: four species in closed canopy areas and five in gaps. Three other species were incorporators, but the incorporation rate was very low; only 8% of the activity in gaps and 27% in closed canopy areas was due to these species. There was no relation between patterns of gap use and gap vegetation cover or age up to 6 hr, suggesting that exclusion of gap specialists from a regenerating gap is a slow process. There is tight phenetic packing in the two subcommunities, indicating that vegetation structure is more important than competition in constraining the structure of this community.