The Role of International Resource Sharing Arrangements in Managing Fire in the Face of Climate Change
The Role of International Resource Sharing Arrangements in Managing Fire in the Face of Climate Change
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DOI：
10.3390/fire5040088
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发表时间：
2022-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Bloem;A. Cullen;L. Mearns;J. Abatzoglou
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文献类型：
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作者：
S. Bloem;A. Cullen;L. Mearns;J. Abatzoglou
气候变化导致的全球火灾状况的变化，包括火灾季节的延长，可能会增加高影响火灾的共同发生，使国家灭火能力不堪重负。这些转变增加了国际资源共享的需求，以补充国家灭火工作。本文探讨了美国、加拿大和澳大利亚（“三巨头”）国际资源共享安排的发展历程并对其有效性进行了评价；(2)欧洲;(3)东南亚地区，通过对灰色文献和同行评议文献进行文献综述，并结合关键线人访谈。对于“三巨头”和欧洲来说，国际资源共享被认为是必要的、有效的、持续改进的。统一的消防管理程序和培训以及制定更有效的行政程序促进了这些关系。在东南亚，政治紧张局势和有限的消防能力阻碍了有效的合作。国与国之间支持火灾管理的正式协议刚刚形成并在不断发展，有证据表明，扩大和改善这些伙伴关系的需求正在增加。
Changing global fire regimes including extended fire seasons due to climate change may increase the co-occurrence of high-impact fires that overwhelm national fire suppression capacities. These shifts increase the demand for international resource sharing to supplement national fire suppression efforts. In this paper, we explore the development and evaluate the effectiveness of international resource sharing arrangements of three regions: (1) The United States, Canada, and Australia (“Big Three”); (2) Europe; and (3) Southeast Asia by conducting a literature review of gray and peer- reviewed literature in combination with key informant interviews. For the “Big Three” and Europe, international resource sharing is perceived as necessary, effective, and continuously improving. Converging fire management processes and training and developing more effective administrative procedures facilitate these relationships. In Southeast Asia, political tensions and limited firefighting capacities have hampered effective cooperation. Formalized agreements of country-to-country support for fire management are nascent and evolving, and there is evidence that demand for expanding and improving these partnerships is increasing.