Endogenous metabolism in endothelial and immune cells generates most of the tissue vitamin B3 (nicotinamide).

Endogenous metabolism in endothelial and immune cells generates most of the tissue vitamin B3 (nicotinamide).
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DOI:
10.1016/j.isci.2022.105431
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发表时间:
2022-11-18
期刊:
影响因子:
5.8
通讯作者:
Chini, Eduardo Nunes
Chini, Eduardo Nunes
中科院分区:
综合性期刊2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zeidler, Julianna D.;Chini, Claudia C. S.;Kanamori, Karina S.;Kashyap, Sonu;Espindola-Netto, Jair M.;Thompson, Katie;Warner, Gina;Cabral, Fernanda S.;Peclat, Thais R.;Gomez, Lilian Sales;Lopez, Sierra A.;Wandersee, Miles K.;Schoon, Renee A.;Reid, Kimberly;Menzies, Keir;Beckedorff, Felipe;Reid, Joel M.;Brachs, Sebastian;Meyer, Ralph G.;Meyer-Ficca, Mirella L.;Chini, Eduardo Nunes

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在哺乳动物中,烟酰胺(NAM)是循环中可利用的主要NAD前体,是一种信号分子,也是甲基烟酰胺(M - NAM)合成的前体。然而,我们对于身体如何调节组织中NAM水平的了解仍然有限。在此我们证明,膳食维生素B3部分调节血浆NAM和NAM衍生的代谢物,但不调节它们的组织水平。我们发现,色氨酸的NAD从头合成有助于血浆和组织中的NAM,可能是通过为NAD降解酶提供底物。我们还证明组织中的NAM主要由内源性代谢产生,并且NAD酶CD38是产生组织NAM的主要酶。组织特异性CD38基因敲除小鼠显示,内皮细胞和免疫细胞上的CD38活性是脾脏和心脏等组织中NAM组织稳态水平的主要贡献者。我们的研究结果揭示了体内存在不同的NAM库以及CD38在调节组织NAM水平中的核心作用。 机体中存在不同的烟酰胺(NAM)库 NAD从头合成和膳食NAD前体调节血浆NAM库 内皮细胞和免疫细胞中的CD38调节组织NAM,但不调节血浆NAM库 用于M - NAM合成的组织NAM是一个不依赖CD38的库 生物科学;生物化学;分子生物学;免疫学
In mammals, nicotinamide (NAM) is the primary NAD precursor available in circulation, a signaling molecule, and a precursor for methyl-nicotinamide (M-NAM) synthesis. However, our knowledge about how the body regulates tissue NAM levels is still limited. Here we demonstrate that dietary vitamin B3 partially regulates plasma NAM and NAM-derived metabolites, but not their tissue levels. We found that NAD de novo synthesis from tryptophan contributes to plasma and tissue NAM, likely by providing substrates for NAD-degrading enzymes. We also demonstrate that tissue NAM is mainly generated by endogenous metabolism and that the NADase CD38 is the main enzyme that produces tissue NAM. Tissue-specific CD38-floxed mice revealed that CD38 activity on endothelial and immune cells is the major contributor to tissue steady-state levels of NAM in tissues like spleen and heart. Our findings uncover the presence of different pools of NAM in the body and a central role for CD38 in regulating tissue NAM levels. Different pools of nicotinamide (NAM) exist in the organism NAD de novo synthesis and dietetic NAD precursors regulate the plasma NAM pool CD38 in endothelial and immune cells regulates tissue NAM, but not plasma NAM pool Tissue NAM used for M-NAM synthesis is a CD38-independent pool Biological sciences; Biochemistry; Molecular biology; Immunology
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