Characterization of polar brevetoxin derivatives isolated from Karenia brevis cultures and natural blooms
Characterization of polar brevetoxin derivatives isolated from Karenia brevis cultures and natural blooms
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DOI：
10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.04.015
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Dickey, Robert W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abraham, Ann;Plakas, Steven M.;Dickey, Robert W.
Several novel brevetoxin derivatives were isolated and identified in Karenia brevis cultures and natural blooms by using solid phase extraction (SPE) and LC/MS(MS) techniques. These analogs were more polar compared with previously described brevetoxins, and were poorly extractable by conventional non-polar solvent (chloroform) partitioning. Brevetoxin analogs were structurally confirmed as hydrolyzed (open A-ring) forms of brevetoxins PbTx-1, PbTx-7, PbTx-2, and PbTx-3, and of oxidized PbTx-1 and PbTx-2. Some of these open A-ring derivatives were in greater abundance than their non-hydrolyzed counterparts. All were in much greater abundance in bloom water filtrate compared with cell-rich fractions. Open A-ring compounds were cytotoxic in mouse neuroblastoma (N2a) cell assay. In the K brevis bloom-exposed Eastern oyster, brevetoxin metabolites with opened A rings were identified (e.g., open-ring cysteine-PbTx conjugates), contributing to their overall toxin burden. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
