Social behavior of chimpanzees in the Budongo Forest, Uganda
Social behavior of chimpanzees in the Budongo Forest, Uganda
复制标题
乌干达布东戈森林中黑猩猩的社会行为
DOI：
10.1007/bf01730343
复制
发表时间：
1969
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Y. Sugiyama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Sugiyama
作者研究了1966年9月至1967年3月期间乌干达布东戈森林野生黑猩猩的社会组织和行为。在整个研究期间，50多只黑猩猩已经习惯了作者的生活，并通过个体识别的方式不断进行跟踪。本文研究了黑猩猩的社会行为，特别是黑猩猩的社会组织。控制和维持黑猩猩社会的中心组织不能是僵化的支配等级秩序，因为黑猩猩之间的竞争互动并不频繁。另一方面，友好或联想的社会行为经常被观察到，其中一些是非人灵长类所特有的。尤其是问候行为，以及乞讨和分享食物的行为，表明了黑猩猩独特的交际系统的存在，这一系统的存在是以象征功能为支撑的。这种交流系统似乎在维持黑猩猩独特的社会组织方面发挥了重要作用。黑猩猩的区域整合松散，尽管它们经常聚集在一起，后来又分裂。在整个研究期间都观察到了性活动，但在旱季的12月至2月期间达到了高峰。
The author studied the social organization and behavior of wild chimpanzees in the Budongo Forest, Uganda, between September, 1966, and March, 1967. A population of more than 50 chimpanzees became habituated to the author and was followed continuously, by means of individual identification, throughout the study period. The present article deals with the chimpanzee's social behavior, with special reference to social organization.The central organization which controls and maintains chimpanzee society cannot be rigid dominance rank order, since agonistic interactions among chimpanzees were not frequent. On the other hand, friendly or associative social behavior was frequently observed, some of which was unique in non-human primates. Greeting behavior, especially, and begging-and-food-sharing behavior show the existence of the chimpanzee's unique communicative system, which is backed by symbolic function. This kind of communicative system appears to have an important role in the maintenance of the unique social organization of chimpanzees, which has a loose regional integration, though the animals frequently gather into parties and later split up.Sexual activity was observed throughout the study period, but the peak was seen between December and February, during the dry season.