Development of biomass in a drinking water granular active carbon (GAC) filter
Development of biomass in a drinking water granular active carbon (GAC) filter
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DOI：
10.1016/j.watres.2011.09.017
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Hammes, Frederik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Velten, Silvana;Boller, Markus;Hammes, Frederik
土著细菌是必不可少的饮用水生物过滤器的性能，但这种生物成分仍然很差的特点。在本研究中，我们遵循生物膜的形成和发展，在颗粒活性炭（GAG）过滤器中试规模在前六个月的操作。从四个不同的深度（10，45，80和115厘米）的GAG颗粒取样，并与腺苷三磷酸（ATP）分析测量附着的生物量。在操作的前90天期间，附着的生物质在过滤器中的所有水平上迅速积累在GAG颗粒上，并且之后保持稳定状态。生物量密度和生长速率的垂直梯度，观察在启动过程中，也在稳定状态。在稳态期间，过滤器中的生物质浓度范围为0.8-1.83 x 10（-6）g ATP/g GAG，并且22%的进水溶解有机碳（DOG）被去除。伴随的生物质产量为约1.8 × 10（12）个细胞/m2 h，这代表产量为1.26 × 10（6）个细胞/mug。细菌仅吸收约3%的去除的碳作为生物量。在运行期间的某个时间点，流入的浮游植物浓度自然增加了5倍。其结果是，流入的可同化的有机碳浓度增加，悬浮细菌在过滤器的出水增加3倍，作为直接后果，增加在生物过滤器的增长。这项研究表明，不同的分析方法的组合允许详细的定量的饮用水生物过滤器中的微生物活性。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Indigenous bacteria are essential for the performance of drinking water biofilters, yet this biological component remains poorly characterized. In the present study we followed biofilm formation and development in a granular activated carbon (GAG) filter on pilot-scale during the first six months of operation. GAG particles were sampled from four different depths (10, 45, 80 and 115 cm) and attached biomass was measured with adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) analysis. The attached biomass accumulated rapidly on the GAG particles throughout all levels in the filter during the first 90 days of operation and maintained a steady state afterward. Vertical gradients of biomass density and growth rates were observed during start-up and also in steady state. During steady state, biomass concentrations ranged between 0.8-1.83 x 10(-6) g ATP/g GAG in the filter, and 22% of the influent dissolved organic carbon (DOG) was removed. Concomitant biomass production was about 1.8 x 10(12) cells/m(2)h, which represents a yield of 1.26 x 10(6) cells/mu g. The bacteria assimilated only about 3% of the removed carbon as biomass. At one point during the operational period, a natural 5-fold increase in the influent phytoplankton concentration occurred. As a result, influent assimilable organic carbon concentrations increased and suspended bacteria in the filter effluent increased 3-fold as the direct consequence of increased growth in the biofilter. This study shows that the combination of different analytical methods allows detailed quantification of the microbiological activity in drinking water biofilters. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.