Effects of air pollution on human health and practical measures for prevention in Iran.
Effects of air pollution on human health and practical measures for prevention in Iran.
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DOI：
10.4103/1735-1995.189646
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Balali-Mood M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ghorani-Azam A;Riahi-Zanjani B;Balali-Mood M
大气污染是新文明世界关注的主要问题，对人类健康和环境具有严重的毒理影响。它有许多不同的排放源，但机动车和工业流程是空气污染的主要来源。根据世界卫生组织的数据，六种主要空气污染物包括颗粒物污染、地面臭氧、一氧化碳、硫氧化物、氮氧化物和铅。长期和短期接触空气悬浮毒物对人体有不同的毒理学影响，包括呼吸系统和心血管疾病、神经精神并发症、眼睛刺激、皮肤病和癌症等长期慢性病。一些报告显示，暴露在糟糕的空气质量与发病率和死亡率增加之间存在直接联系，主要是由于心血管和呼吸系统疾病。空气污染被认为是一些疾病发生和发展的主要环境风险因素，如哮喘、肺癌、心室肥厚、阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病、心理并发症、自闭症、视网膜病变、胎儿发育和低出生体重。在这篇综述文章中，我们旨在讨论主要空气污染物的毒理学、排放源及其对人类健康的影响。我们还提出了减少伊朗空气污染的切实措施。
Air pollution is a major concern of new civilized world, which has a serious toxicological impact on human health and the environment. It has a number of different emission sources, but motor vehicles and industrial processes contribute the major part of air pollution. According to the World Health Organization, six major air pollutants include particle pollution, ground-level ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and lead. Long and short term exposure to air suspended toxicants has a different toxicological impact on human including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, neuropsychiatric complications, the eyes irritation, skin diseases, and long-term chronic diseases such as cancer. Several reports have revealed the direct association between exposure to the poor air quality and increasing rate of morbidity and mortality mostly due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Air pollution is considered as the major environmental risk factor in the incidence and progression of some diseases such as asthma, lung cancer, ventricular hypertrophy, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, psychological complications, autism, retinopathy, fetal growth, and low birth weight. In this review article, we aimed to discuss toxicology of major air pollutants, sources of emission, and their impact on human health. We have also proposed practical measures to reduce air pollution in Iran.