Simulations of Water and Thermal Dynamics for Soil Surfaces With Residue Mulch and Surface Runoff
Simulations of Water and Thermal Dynamics for Soil Surfaces With Residue Mulch and Surface Runoff
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DOI：
10.1029/2021wr030431
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发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Zhuangji Wang;R. Thapa;D. Timlin;Sanai Li;Wen Sun;S. Beegum;D. Fleisher;S. Mirsky;M. Cabrera;T. Sauer;V. Reddy;R. Horton;Katherine Tully
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作者：
Zhuangji Wang;R. Thapa;D. Timlin;Sanai Li;Wen Sun;S. Beegum;D. Fleisher;S. Mirsky;M. Cabrera;T. Sauer;V. Reddy;R. Horton;Katherine Tully
土壤表面的水热动态受多种环境因素的影响，例如天气、土壤、残茬覆盖和地表径流。地表水和温度模型应处理这些环境因素及其相互作用和衍生物。在这项研究中，我们开发了一个基于过程的模拟模型，地表水和热传输的两个主要环境因素，残留覆盖和地表径流。采用修正的Philip和de弗里斯（1957）模式模拟了地表水分和温度，并考虑了残茬覆盖对降水的截留和辐射衰减。地表径流采用圣维南方程建模。残差分解作为导数，通过修改的CERES-N模型计算。地表径流和残留物覆盖之间的相互作用，以及由于分解残留物覆盖厚度的动态减少也包括在内。该模型在MAIZSIM中采用“分层模块架构”进行模块化和部署，以便根据场景或用户设置激活或停用主要环境因素、交互和衍生物。说明性的例子包括不可分解的残留物覆盖物，地表径流和覆盖物分解情景。结果表明，残茬覆盖可以保持土壤水分，减少地表温度的时间变化。地表径流及其对水分入渗和地表温度的影响，以及分解过程中的氮矿化。模拟的地表温度、含水量和覆盖物分解结果与田间试验的文献结果相似。本研究展示了模式在模拟地表水和温度动态方面的可操作性，以及通过模块化模式架构综合多个因子的可行性。
Water and thermal dynamics at soil surfaces are influenced by multiple ambient factors, for example, weather, soil, residue mulch, and surface runoff. A surface water and temperature model should address those ambient factors, and their interactions and derivatives. In this study, we developed a process‐based simulation model for surface water and heat transfer with two main ambient factors, residue mulch and surface runoff. Surface water content and temperature are simulated with a modified Philip and de Vries (1957) model, including precipitation interception and radiation attenuation in residue mulch. Surface runoff is modeled with the Saint‐Venant equation. Residue decomposition, as a derivative, is computed via a modified CERES‐N model. Interactions between surface runoff and residue mulch, and dynamic decreases in residue mulch thickness due to decomposition are also included. The model was modularized and deployed with a “layered module architecture” in MAIZSIM, such that the main ambient factors, interactions, and derivatives can be activated or deactivated based on scenarios or user settings. Illustrative examples include non‐decomposable residue mulch, surface runoff and mulch decomposition scenarios. Results demonstrate that residue mulch can conserve soil water and reduce temporal variations of surface temperature. Surface runoff and its effects on water infiltration and surface temperature, and nitrogen mineralization during decomposition are also illustrated. The simulated surface temperature, water content, and mulch decomposition results are similar to literature results from field experiments. This study demonstrates the model workability in simulating surface water and temperature dynamics, and the feasibility of synthesizing multiple factors via a modularized model architecture.