UK Climate Risk Assessment and Management
UK Climate Risk Assessment and Management
复制标题
英国气候风险评估和管理
DOI：
10.1016/j.crm.2022.100440
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Dessai S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dessai S
气候风险的概念已经变得越来越重要，并成为气候变化研究的核心（Reisinger等人，2020）和实践（柳树和康奈尔，2003）在过去的二十年。气候风险产生于与气候有关的灾害与人类和自然系统的脆弱性和暴露程度的相互作用，以及人类对气候变化的反应（如适应）。根据2008年《气候变化法》的规定，英国政府必须每五年发布一次气候变化风险评估（CCRA），最近一次是第三次（英国政府，2022年）。自2017年第二次风险评估发布以来，已经取得了重大的科学进展。与此同时，英国也出现了一个以气候风险为核心概念的气候科学、影响、适应、脆弱性和服务领域的研究人员和实践者社区。（2020年推出），该组织寻求对英国气候风险评估和管理的新的原创研究的贡献，以支持英国气候风险评估和管理的证据基础第三次CCRA。特刊包括12篇论文，涵盖英国气候风险的评估和管理。有几篇论文侧重于与水有关的风险，分析范围从国家到流域。这些论文包括英国洪水评估中的科学和方法创新（Kay等人，2021），苏格兰的干旱（Visser-Quin n等人，2021年）、英格兰河流水温（Wilby和约翰逊，2020年）、Lee集水区的河流生态系统恢复力（Murgatroyd和Hall，2021年）以及对两种潜在适应战略的评估，即应对英格兰干旱风险的流域间转移计划（Khadem等人，2021）和家用雨水罐，以提高船体的城市洪水复原力（塞夫顿等人，2022年）。两篇论文重点关注气候灾害和风险的国家评估，与Arnell等人。（2021年）为多个部门制定危害指标，Garry et al.（2021）评估复合事件对英国农业的风险。此外，两篇论文通过估计科克茅斯关键基础设施的侵蚀危害损失成本，将其分析扩展到经济学（Li等人，2021年），并进行了成本效益分析，适应热在不断变化的气候条件下，在护理院的情况下（Ibbetson等人，2021年）。最后两篇论文使用社会科学方法探索农业利益相关者的经验及其对极端天气和气候变化的反应（惠勒和洛布利，2021年），并比较不同的气候风险管理框架及其实施（史密斯等人，2022年）。
The concept of climate risk has become increasingly important and central to climate change research (Reisinger et al., 2020) and practice (Willows and Connell, 2003) over the last two decades. Climate risks result from the interactions of climate-related hazards with the vulnerability and exposure of human and natural systems, as well as human responses to climate change (such as adaptation). Mandated by the 2008 Climate Change Act, the UK Government is required to publish a climate change risk assessment (CCRA) every five years, with the third CCRA being the most recent (HM Government, 2022). Since the publication of the second risk assessment in 2017, significant scientific advancements have occurred. This has been accompanied by the emergence of a UK community of researchers and practitioners working on climate science, impacts, adaptation, vulnerability and services who use climate risk as a central concept.This Special Issue is the result of Climate Risk Management’s first Open Special issue (launched in 2020), which sought contributions of new and original research on UK climate risk assessment and management in order to support the evidence base for the UK’s Third CCRA. The Special Issue includes twelve papers that span both the assessment and the management of climate risk in the UK. Several papers focus on water-associated risks, with analysis ranging from the national to the catchment scale. These papers include scientific and methodological innovations in the assessments of flooding in Great Britain (Kay et al., 2021), drought in Scotland (Visser-Quin n et al., 2021), river water temperatures in England (Wilby and Johnson, 2020), river ecosystem resilience in the Lee catchment (Murgatroyd and Hall, 2021) and the assessment of two potential adaptation strategies, namely inter-basin transfer schemes to address the risk of drought in England (Khadem et al., 2021) and domestic raintanks to increase urban flood resilience in Hull (Sefton et al., 2022). Two papers focus on national assessments of climate hazards and risk, with Arnell et al.(2021) developing hazard indicators for multiple sectors and Garry et al.(2021) assessing the risk of compound events on UK agriculture. Additionally, two papers extend their analysis to include economics, by estimating the damage costs of erosion hazards on critical infrastructure in Cockermouth (Li et al., 2021) and by conducting a cost-benefit analysis of adaptation to heat under a changing climate in a care home context (Ibbetson et al., 2021). The final two papers use social science methods to explore farming stakeholders’ experiences and their responses to extreme weather and climate change (Wheeler and Lobley, 2021) and to compare different climate risk management frameworks and their implementation (Smith et al., 2022).