Vaccines Against Malaria
Vaccines Against Malaria
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DOI：
10.1093/cid/ciu954
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发表时间：
2015-03-15
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Laurens, Matthew B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ouattara, Amed;Laurens, Matthew B.
尽管全球努力控制疟疾，但这种疾病仍然是一个重大的公共卫生威胁。目前，没有获得许可的疟疾疫苗，但有效的疫苗将是成功消除疟疾的重要公共卫生工具。疟疾疫苗的开发继续受到对抗疟疾免疫认识不足、缺乏免疫相关保护以及疟疾寄生虫遗传多样性的阻碍。目前的疫苗开发工作主要针对红细胞前和红细胞期的恶性疟原虫，以及针对无性期的传播阻断疫苗和针对妊娠相关疟疾的疫苗的一些研究。主要的红细胞前候选疫苗是RTS， S，正在进行的3期试验的早期结果显示，对临床疟疾的总体有效性为46%。疟疾疫苗开发的下一个步骤将侧重于设计一种对高度多样化的疟疾菌株有效的产品，并确定预防疾病的相关关系。
Despite global efforts to control malaria, the illness remains a significant public health threat. Currently, there is no licensed vaccine against malaria, but an efficacious vaccine would represent an important public health tool for successful malaria elimination. Malaria vaccine development continues to be hindered by a poor understanding of antimalarial immunity, a lack of an immune correlate of protection, and the genetic diversity of malaria parasites. Current vaccine development efforts largely target Plasmodium falciparum parasites in the pre-erythrocytic and erythrocytic stages, with some research on transmission-blocking vaccines against asexual stages and vaccines against pregnancy-associated malaria. The leading pre-erythrocytic vaccine candidate is RTS, S, and early results of ongoing Phase 3 testing show overall efficacy of 46% against clinical malaria. The next steps for malaria vaccine development will focus on the design of a product that is efficacious against the highly diverse strains of malaria and the identification of a correlate of protection against disease.